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Understanding the Self > Unit 1: Self from the Perspective of Philosophy > Flashcards

Unit 1: Self from the Perspective of Philosophy Flashcards

1
Q

Who said:

“The unexamined life is not worth living”

A

Socrates

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2
Q

The father of western philosophy

A

Socrates

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3
Q

Who stated that man’s ultimate goal is to achieve happiness

A

Socrates

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4
Q

Who stated that the ultimate reality exists beyond the physical world?

A

Plato

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5
Q

Plato’s 3 views on man’s soul

A
  • Appetitive (sensual experiences)
  • Rational (truth and reason)
  • Spirited (passion and honor)
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6
Q

Who gave a Christian perspective on Plato’s theory of forms, saying forms exist within God?

A

St. Augustine

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7
Q

St. Augustine’s view on how man can achieve happiness

A

Soul -> Communion -> Happiness

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8
Q

St. Augustine’s 2 views on man

A
  • Body
  • Soul
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9
Q

Who said:

Latin: “Cogito ergo sum”
English: “I think therefore I am”

A

Rene Descartes

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10
Q

A systematic process of being skeptical and to ascertain the ultimate truth, advocated by Descartes

A

Methodical Doubt

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11
Q

Descartes’s 2 views on man

A
  • Cogito/Mind
  • Body
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12
Q

Who said:

“Knowledge is derived from experience”

A

John Locke

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13
Q

Who viewed the self as “tabula rasa” (blank slate), stating that experiences form our identity?

A

John Locke

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14
Q

The father of classical liberalism

A

John Locke

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15
Q

Who viewed the self as focused more on nurture than nature?

A

John Locke

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16
Q

Who said:

“Knowledge is derived from human senses”

A

David Hume

17
Q

Who advocated Empiricism, stating that impressions and ideas are two of mind’s perceptions?

A

David Hume

18
Q

Who said:

“Reason is the final authority of morality”

A

Immanuel Kant

19
Q

Who stated that knowledge bridges the self and the material world

A

Immanuel Kant

20
Q

A term used for mental processes with which a person makes sense of an idea

A

Apperception

21
Q

Kant’s 2 views on the self

A
  • Experiences
  • Apparatuses of the mind
22
Q

Who said:

“Wish fulfillment is the road to the consciousness”

A

Sigmund Freud

23
Q

The father of psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud

24
Q

Freud’s 3 views on the unconscious

A
  • Id (pleasure principle)
  • Superego (perfection principle)
  • Ego (reality principle)
25
Q

Who said:

“I act therefore I am”

A

Gilbert Ryle

26
Q

Who viewed the self as our collection of behaviors?

A

Gilbert Ryle

27
Q

Who said:

“The physical brain and not the imaginary mind gives us our sense of self”

A

Paul Churchland

28
Q

Who viewed man as materialistic, stating there is no soul?

A

Paul Churchland

29
Q

Who said:

“The physical body is an important part of the self”

A

Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty

30
Q

Who viewed the self as an “embodied subjectivity”?

A

Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty

31
Q

Merleau-Ponty’s 3 views on the self

A
  • Body
  • People & World
  • Perceived World

Understanding the Self (8 decks)

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