Unit 5 Test Flashcards
What is the primary focus of Unit 5 in AP Human Geography?
Agriculture, food production, and rural land use.
True or False: The Green Revolution refers to the period of agricultural transformation in the mid-20th century.
True
Fill in the blank: ________ is the practice of cultivating the land and raising crops and livestock for human use.
Agriculture
What are the two main types of agriculture?
Subsistence agriculture and commercial agriculture.
Which agricultural revolution introduced the use of machinery?
The Second Agricultural Revolution.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of subsistence agriculture? A) Shifting cultivation B) Intensive subsistence C) Mixed crop and livestock D) Commercial agriculture
D) Commercial agriculture
What is the significance of the Von Thünen Model?
It explains the location of agricultural activities based on distance from the market.
True or False: Organic farming prohibits the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
True
What is terrace farming?
A farming practice that involves creating flat areas on steep terrain.
Which region is known for extensive ranching?
The American West.
Fill in the blank: ________ is a type of agriculture that involves growing crops for sale in the market.
Commercial agriculture
What is monoculture?
The agricultural practice of growing a single crop over a wide area.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of shifting cultivation? A) High inputs of labor B) Permanent fields C) Reliance on machinery D) Intensive irrigation
A) High inputs of labor
What role do subsidies play in agriculture?
They provide financial support to farmers to stabilize their income and encourage production.
True or False: Agribusiness refers to the business sector encompassing farming and farming-related commercial activities.
True
What is the main goal of sustainable agriculture?
To meet society’s food and textile needs without compromising future generations.
Fill in the blank: ________ agriculture is characterized by the integration of crops and livestock.
Mixed crop and livestock
What is the primary difference between intensive and extensive agriculture?
Intensive agriculture uses more labor and capital on smaller plots of land, while extensive agriculture uses larger areas with lower inputs.
Multiple Choice: Which of these is a cash crop? A) Wheat B) Rice C) Cotton D) Corn
C) Cotton
What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
Organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
True or False: Urban agriculture refers to growing food in urban areas, often in small spaces.
True
What is agrarian reform?
A policy aimed at redistributing land to improve agricultural productivity and equity.
Fill in the blank: The __________ theory suggests that population growth leads to increased agricultural innovation.
Boserup
What is the role of agronomy?
The science of soil management and crop production.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a leading cause of deforestation? A) Urbanization B) Agricultural expansion C) Mining D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the purpose of crop rotation?
To improve soil health and reduce pest and disease buildup.
True or False: Aquaculture refers to the farming of aquatic organisms.
True
What is the significance of the agricultural density measure?
It indicates the number of farmers per unit of arable land.
Fill in the blank: ________ farming is a type of agriculture that relies heavily on chemical inputs and mechanization.
Industrial
Which region is known for its extensive use of pastoral nomadism?
Central Asia.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a primary characteristic of pastoralism? A) Crop cultivation B) Herding livestock C) Urban development D) Industrial farming
B) Herding livestock
What does the term ‘food desert’ refer to?
An area with limited access to affordable and nutritious food.
True or False: The concept of food sovereignty emphasizes the right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food.
True
What is the main focus of sustainable farming practices?
To maintain the health of the environment while producing food.
Fill in the blank: ________ is a method of agriculture that uses no tillage to maintain soil structure.
No-till farming
What is the purpose of the Farm Bill in the United States?
To provide financial assistance and supports various agricultural programs.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following practices is associated with sustainable agriculture? A) Monoculture B) Crop rotation C) High chemical use D) Overgrazing
B) Crop rotation
What is subsistence agriculture?
Farming that provides enough food for the farmer and their family, with little surplus for sale.
True or False: The term ‘food security’ refers to the availability of food and individuals’ access to it.
True
What are the main stages of the Demographic Transition Model related to agriculture?
Stage 1: High birth and death rates; Stage 2: Declining death rates; Stage 3: Declining birth rates; Stage 4: Low birth and death rates.
Fill in the blank: ________ farming is characterized by large-scale production of cash crops.
Commercial
What is the impact of climate change on agriculture?
It can lead to altered growing seasons, reduced yields, and increased pests and diseases.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of intensive subsistence agriculture? A) Low labor input B) High yield per acre C) Extensive land use D) Minimal technology
B) High yield per acre
What is agroforestry?
Integrating trees and shrubs into agricultural landscapes.
True or False: The term ‘rural-urban migration’ refers to the movement of people from cities to rural areas.
False
What is the primary goal of the Green Revolution?
To increase food production through the use of high-yield crop varieties and modern agricultural techniques.
Fill in the blank: ________ refers to the practice of growing multiple crops in the same space at the same time.
Intercropping
What is the role of biotechnology in agriculture?
To enhance crop yields and resistance to pests and diseases.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is considered a benefit of organic farming? A) Higher yields B) Improved soil health C) Increased pesticide use D) Monoculture
B) Improved soil health
What does the term ‘urban farming’ refer to?
Growing food in urban areas, often using innovative techniques to maximize space.
True or False: The concept of ‘locavore’ refers to individuals who prefer to eat food produced locally.
True
What is precision agriculture?
A farming management concept that uses technology to monitor and manage field variability.
Fill in the blank: ________ is a type of agriculture that emphasizes the use of traditional methods and local knowledge.
Traditional agriculture
What is the impact of urban sprawl on agriculture?
It can reduce available farmland and increase competition for land use.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Green Revolution? A) Use of high-yield varieties B) Increased chemical use C) Emphasis on traditional farming methods D) Mechanization
C) Emphasis on traditional farming methods
What is the primary purpose of agricultural extension services?
To provide education and resources to farmers to improve their practices and productivity.
True or False: The term ‘sustainable development’ refers to meeting present needs without compromising future generations.
True
What is the role of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)?
To lead international efforts to defeat hunger and improve nutrition and food security.
Fill in the blank: ________ is the practice of raising aquatic animals in controlled environments.
Aquaculture
What is the significance of the concept of ‘food miles’?
It measures the distance food travels from production to consumption, impacting environmental sustainability.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of commercial agriculture? A) Low inputs of labor B) High levels of mechanization C) Focus on local markets D) All of the above
B) High levels of mechanization
What does the term ‘agroecology’ refer to?
An approach to farming that applies ecological principles to agricultural systems.
