Unit 5 Study Guide Flashcards
MAINS causes of WWI
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Spark
Eastern Front
Germany and Russia– ends b/c Russia has the Russian revolution
Western Front
Germany and France (Allies – Great Britain, US)
What led to the Russian Revolution?
Russia still had serfs that are now being sent to the front lines. They are looking for a change in government and more rights. They will turn to VI Lenin and communism.
Why did the United States’ intervention in World War I deem detrimental to the Central Powers?
Turned the tide for the Allies, since Russia had pulled out of the war due to their internal issues.
What caused the United States to enter WWI?
Sinking of the Lusitania and Zimmerman Telegram
The Paris Peace Conference was held by the “Big Three,” including…
Britain, France and the US.
At the Paris Peace Conference, President Wilson prepared a peace plan that became known as ______which established the idea of the League of Nations
Wilson’s 14 Points
How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany? How did Germany handle the large amounts of reparations it had to pay?
Had to accept responsibility of war damage, pay 132 billion marks, give up most territories and colonies and limit the military. Not able to pay reparations bc of their damaged industry and post war economy
The United States refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles because Senators in the United States believed it would lead to…
another war
5 of the causes of the Great Depression
- Wealth was not evenly divided among Americans
- Overproduction
- People were buying on credit or margin
- Declining exports
- Weak International economy - WWI debts cycles led to global economic depression
Causes of World War II
Treaty of Versailles - The terms punish Germany. Caused the economy to collapse — made people feel like Hitler was the only answer
Nationalism - Germany/Italism Pride – they wanted to grow their nations, eliminated the shame of WWI
Appeasement
Giving in to the aggressors in hopes that he will back away
who was Appeasement used by? How was it used to their advantage?
Used with Germany but GB in hopes that Hitler would stop – it only ends when the Germans invade Poland
The Non-Aggression Pact (between Hitler and Stalin) was signed with the goal of what?
For Germany to not have to fight on two fonts would only need to fight on the French Front (for now)
What are some characteristics of a TOTALITARIAN Dictator?
One party state, over centralized gov
Why did totalitarian governments rise in Germany, Italy and Spain following World War I and the Great Depression?
The Treaty of Versailles created a sense of economic stability which provided leaders to install hope and pride in their country
Stalin established a Communist state when be instituted his Five-Year Plans, which included…
rapid industrialization and agriculture
Part of Stalin’s plan was the “collectivize” agriculture, meaning…
state ownership of farms and redistribution of food
How did Stalin establish fear in the Soviet Union (specifically to those who went against his government)?
Threat of death or Siberia
Mussolini’s goal was the build up Italy to the height of the _____. He accomplished this by first imperializing and expanding into _______, specifically _______.
Roman Empire
Africa
Ethiopia
Why did so many poor individuals turn to the Nazi’s following the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
Hitler gave them hope for a better future. Better economy and job opportunity
Genocide
The intentional mass killing of one targeted group of people
How did the Nazi’s carry out their “Final Solution” plan to exterminate all of Europe’s Jews?
kill them
Where did Tojo expand Japan into?
Korea, Manchuria
5 steps the United States took to remain neutral and isolated from World War I
Neutrality (isolated)
Cash and Carry
Neutral but only selling to the Allies
Lend Lease
Atlantic Charter - Agreeing to go to war in Europe first
Why was the Battle of Britain important for the Allies?
By focusing Nazis on Britain it got the British people to end the war which showed that Germany was not invincible
Operation Overlord is the invasion of __________, France where the Allied powers hope to ____ France.
Normandy
liberate
End of World War II
Yalta Conference
Potsdam Conference
The two SUPERPOWERS following World War II was the…
Soviet Union and US
Capitalism
Free market economy
Private business
Communism
Closed economy
State owned business
Government controlled everything
The United States goal throughout the Cold War was to CONTAIN …..
Communism
Truman Doctrine
The US will provide political,military, economic help to other nations under threat from authoritarian threat
Marshall Plan
economic aid to nations who may fall to communism
Eisenhower Doctrine (later)
a Middle Eastern country could request American economic assistance or aid from U.S. military forces if it was being threatened by armed aggression
How did the United States plan to help both Japan and Germany economically recover from WWII?
American industry was brought to both places –MAde in Occupied Japan or Germany. Also going to fund the growth of their economies
Eisenhower established the concept of the “DOMINO THEORY.” What does it state?
the “fall” of a non communist state to communism would precipitate the fall of all
Following World War II, ______ and the ___________ emerged to establish MILITARY assistance to the nations in each alliance group. What was the goal of each?
NATO - Contain communism and allow democracy and capitalism to thrive
Warsaw Pact -Protect communism and spread it to as many places as they could
Due to the buildup of nuclear weapons throughout the Cold War, the United States and Soviet Union were reluctant to become involved in a direct military conflict. Why?
They had the potential of nuclear destruction
Proxy Wars
a war instigated by a major power which does not itself become involved.
The United States used the _________ to justify its involvement in the VIetnam War.
Policy of Containment
What policies were established between the United States and Soviet Union to limit the nuclear arms and testing each country had?
SALT I, SALT II and Nuclear Non Proliferation
