Imperialism Unit 4 Study Guide

Question 1

What was the main impact of the 2nd Agricultural Revolution?

Answer 1

Increase the population which created a surplus of workers

Question 2

What does Crop rotation allow farmers to do?

Answer 2

allowed farmers to “rotate” a series of different crops to help with depleting the soil, creating a higher crop yield

Question 3

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

Answer 3

Great Britain

Question 4

What was life like in the IR?

Answer 4

men, women and children worked in factories, the family unit fell apart

Question 5

What is a tenement?

Answer 5

Communal apartment - lots of people living in poor conditions

Question 6

What is Urbanization?

Answer 6

cities grow due to people moving to cities to work

Question 7

What are the three phases of Industrialization?

Answer 7

1st Great Britain
2nd US, France, German
3rd- Russia and the Asian Tigers (China, Vietnam, Korea)

Question 8

What is nationalism?

Answer 8

Strong feelings of support for one’s nation

Question 9

Whose slogan was “Blood and Iron”?

Answer 9

Otto von Bismarck

Question 10

Who were the key people in the unification of Germany?

Answer 10

Kaiser Wilhelm , Otto von Bismarck

Question 11

Imperialism

Answer 11

The takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with the intent of dominating the economic, political, and social life of the people of that nation.

Question 12

Colony

Answer 12

Direct control of the rule
Two types of rule
Direct is sending officials and soldiers from France to control their colonies.
Indirect is using local chiefs, ruler to govern.

Question 13

Protectorate

Answer 13

Local ruler were left in place but were expected to follow the advice of European advisors on issues
This system cost less bc it did not require large military forces

Question 14

Sphere of Influence

Answer 14

An area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges.
Does not require any military force or coercion of control

Question 15

How is the new era of “New Imperialism” different than the previous imperialism we learned about during the 15th and 16th centuries?

Answer 15

They are going to Africa and China, India and not the new world. Going in search of resources for industrialization

Question 16

What are the 4 main causes of Imperialism?

Answer 16

Economic Interests
Political/Military Interests
Humanitarian Goals
Social Darwinism

Question 17

“White Man’s Burden”

Answer 17

the responsibility of white people to ‘civilize’ non-white people

Question 18

What are some political reasons countries imperialize?

Answer 18

Ships need bases to seize islands or harbors, nationalism which led nation rivialing for new lands

Question 19

What are some economic reasons countries imperialize?

Answer 19

Access to natural resources, new markets for consumers, growing pop.

Question 20

What are some social reasons countries imperialize?

Answer 20

Missionaries, doctors believed to have a duty to spread western civilization or medicine, law and religion.
Idea of racial superiority. European races were superior, survival of the fittest.

Question 21

Positive and negative effects of Imperialism?

Answer 21

Modernization like nw medicine, schools, roads, bridges, trading

War and devestation

Question 22

Why did Europeans desire Africa as a prime area to exploit and colonize?

Answer 22

So they could exploit all of Africa’s resources

Question 23

Not every country in Africa was imperialized. Both Liberia and Ethiopia were able to stay independent. Why was this possible?

Answer 23

Their location, economic viability, and unity helped them stay independent

Question 24

The Chinese attempted to remain independent of all foreign trade, but the Europeans were determined. How did the British force the Chinese to trade with them?

Answer 24

The British discovered Opium and the quarrel of the opium grew into a war because the Chinese government pleas went unanswered by the British royalty

Question 25

Draw a flowchart to represent the order of events that took place after the British refused to stop importing Opium into China.

Answer 25

China wouldn't let anyone trade -> British East India Company sells Opium to the Chinese people -> Opium war 1 between China and Britain -> 2nd Opium War between Britain and France against China -> The foreign powers won and gained commercial privileges in China

Question 26

What issues did Indians have with the British’s East India Company?

Answer 26

British encouraged the Indian divisions' competition and disunity among rival princes. British used superior weapons to overpower them

Question 27

What was the result of the Indian’s attempt to rebel against the British? (Sepoy Rebellion)

Answer 27

Sepoys rose up against the British officers and brutally murdered British men,women and children. British take revenge by burning down villages and murdered thousands.

Question 28

How is the Sepoy Rebellion similar to the Boxer Rebellion that took place in China?

Answer 28

Both rebellions were marked by violence against colonial officials and their supporters and were motivated by a desire to restore traditional social and political systems.

Question 29

Indian National Congress

Answer 29

Members believed in peaceful protest to gain what they were fighting for. They called for greater democracy which they felt would give Indians more power. They supported Western-style modernization but dreamed of self-rule for India.

Question 30

Meiji Restoration

Answer 30

long reign to strengthen Japan

Question 31

Who was involved in the Spanish American War?

Answer 31

The US and Spain

Question 32

What was the outcome of the Spanish American War?

Answer 32

SIgned the Treaty of Paris guaranteeing the independence of Cuba, the treaty also forced Spain to cede Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States

Question 33

How did the US gain access to building the Panama Canal? Why did they build it?

Answer 33

The Hay-Herrán Treaty allowed the United States rights to the land surrounding the planned canal because they wanted to ship goods quickly and cheaply between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.

Question 34

What happened to the Ottoman Empire?

Answer 34

It collapsed and lost land which got turned into Turkey and the Middle East

Question 35

Who built and controlled the Suez Canal?

Answer 35

the Suez Canal Company

Question 36

Who modernized Egypt?

Answer 36

Mohammad Ali

Question 37

Why did Russia and Great Britain develop an interest in Persia?

Answer 37

They wanted its oil

Question 38

List one of the resistance movements you learned about in this unit and describe them in great detail.

Answer 38

British vs India -Sepoys (Indian soldiers in the EIC) rose up against British officers and massacred British men,women and children. The British take revenge by burning down Sepoys villages and murdering thousands. England took away control of the BEIC and India was now being led by direct control. The British set up the British Raj, system of colonial rule in which the ruler governs in the name of the queen. The British thought they were helping India to modernize.The British ruined India’s prosperous hand-weaving industry and replaced fabrics with inexpensive and processed ones in the UK. the British introduced new medical and farming methods which let to population growth but too much people had a strain on food supply so they were terrible famines that swept India.

Question 39

List two of the resistance movements you learned about in this unit and describe them in great detail.

Answer 39

China vs Opium - The Chinese government tried to stop the opium trade by appealing to British royalty. The pleas went unanswered and the quarrel grew into a war. There were two Opium wars, the first war between China and Britain and the second was Britain and France against China. The foreign powers were victorious and earned privileges to concessions in China. The Treaty of Najing ended the first Opium war and opened CHina to trade with UK