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WHAP > Unit 5 - Revolutions > Flashcards

Unit 5 - Revolutions Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Enlightenment?

A

An intellectual and philosophical movement that led to liberalism and new political ideas.

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2
Q

What are some examples of the political ideas did the Enlightenment lead to? (2 answers)

A
  • Natural Rights
  • The Social Contract
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3
Q

What is nationalism?

A

A sense of unity in one’s country.

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4
Q

What did nationalism lead to? (2 answers)

A
  • Political Uprisings
  • Unifications Around the World
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5
Q

What are some examples of documents Enlightenment ideas were incorporated into? (3 answers)

A
  • The Declaration of Independence (The US)
  • The Declaration of the Rights of Men (France)
  • The Jamaica Letter (Haiti)
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6
Q

What is suffrage?

A

The right to vote

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7
Q

2 examples of innovations during the Industrial Revolution (and who invented them)

A
  • Telephone - Alexander Graham Bell
  • Radio - Guglielmo Marconi
  • Steam Engine - James Watt
  • Spinning Jenny - James Hargreaves
  • Water Frame - Richard Arkwright
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8
Q

Mercantilism was replaced with ______ (in the Industrial Revolution).

A

Capitalism

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9
Q

2 environmental problems the industrial economy brought

A
  • Pollution
  • Health Crises
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10
Q

2 economic problems the industrial economy brought

A
  • Economic Inequality
  • Poor Working Conditions
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11
Q

What were labor unions for?

A

To protect those in the working class from dangerous, unsafe, and unfair working enviorments

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12
Q

What 2 new social classes were formed?

A

The Working Class and the Middle Class

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13
Q

How did the Enlightenment challenge religion?

A

Philosophers (ie. Voltaire) pushed for…
* religious toleration.
* an End to the Wars of Religion.

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14
Q

How did the Enlightenment challenge individual rights?

A

Natural Rights

Philosophers (ie. John Locke) pushed the idea that all humans have natural rights, such as…
* life
* liberty
* pursuit of property
…and these could not be taken away without due cause.

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15
Q

How did the Enlightenment challenge government authority?

A
  • Seperation of Power
  • Social Contracts

Philosophers (ie. Montesqueiu) pushed for limits on goverment authorities through…
* seperation of powers
* codifications of social contracts (that limit government powers)

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16
Q

2 reforms that resulted from the Enlightenment

A
  • freedom of speech
  • freedom of press
  • freedom of religion
  • freedom to assemble
  • freedom from unjust imprisonment
  • freedom from cruel and unjust punishments
  • freedom from oppression
  • democracy
  • religious tolerance
  • ect.
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17
Q

What Enlightenment ideas did the Declaration of Independence borrow?

A
  • Social Contract
  • Democracy
  • Direct Representation
18
Q

What revolution inspired the Declaration of Independence?

And how did it end/what resulted from it?

A
  • The American Revolution
  • Led to a democratic state
19
Q

What Enlightenment ideas did the Declaration of the Rights of Man borrow?

A
  • Social Contract
  • Freedom of Speech
  • Fair Trials
  • Removal of Estates
20
Q

Which revolution inspired the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

And how did it end/what resulted from it?

A
  • The French Revolution
  • Gave rights to the French peasents
21
Q

Which Enlightenment ideas did the Jamaica Letter borrow?

A
  • Social Contract
  • Democracy
  • Direct Representation
22
Q

Which revolution inspired the Jamaica letter?

And how did it end/what resulted from it?

A
  • Latin American Revolutions
  • SImon Bolivar gained independence for 6 nations in Latin America
  • Bolivar established Gran Columbia
23
Q

Identify the revolution

Creoles, like Simon Bolivar, fought against Spain for political Sovereignty in the New World

A

Laitn American Revolutions

24
Q

Identify the revolution

  • Citizens overthrow Monarchy
  • Established a Republic
  • Executed the King and Queen
A

The French Revolution

25
Q

Identify the revolution

Caribbean slaves rise up and overthrow the Mother Country in the first successful slave rebellion

A

Haitian Revolution

26
Q

Identify the revolution

Colonists overthrow the Mother Country based on taxation and Parlimentary representation

A

American Revolution

27
Q

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

A

Great Britain

28
Q

How did urbanization impact industrial production?

A

Provided factoy system with the labor force needed to produce finished goods

29
Q

How was the United States affected by the revolution?

A
  • an early adopter (copying the British factory system)
  • Remains the #1 economy on earth
30
Q

How was Asia affected by the Industrial Revolution?

A
  • It’s share of global economy shrunk
  • Ottoman/Ming attempeted reform, but fell behind
31
Q

How was the Middle East affected by the Industrial Revolution?

A
  • It’s share of the global economy shrunk
  • Some states made reforms, but couldn’t compete with the West
32
Q

How was Russia affected by the Industrial Revolution?

A
  • Remained majority serf until the 1860s
  • Slow to modernize
  • Ended this period with little industrialization
33
Q

What effect did railroads and automobiles have?

During the Industrial Revolution

A

Long distances became less of an obstacle as large railroad projects connected land masses like the US or Russia

34
Q

What affect did steam boats and canals have?

During the Industrial Revolution

A
  • Long ocean distances became less of an obstacle
  • More reliable shipping
35
Q

What effect did the telegraph and telephone have?

During the Industrial Revolution

A

Communication became nearly instant as messages and information could be carried faster and more reliably

36
Q

Iron was replaced with ____.

During the Second Industrial Revolution

A

Steel

37
Q

Machines were largely powered by ____.

During the Second Industrial Revolution

A

Electricity

38
Q

Which cash crop did Muhammad Ali nationalize to modernize the Egyptian economy?

A

Cotton

39
Q

What were two expections to the Tokugaw Shogunate’s policy of Sakoku?

Sakoku = “Locked Country”

A
  • Traded with their neighboors - China and Korea
  • Traded with the Dutch
40
Q

3 social reforms enacted by industrialized governments

A
  • Laws against child labor
  • Laws requiring children attend school
  • Laws requiring safe housing
  • Laws requiring cleaner forms of water/sewage

WHAP (6 decks)

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