Unit 2 - Networks of Exchange Flashcards
What was the purpose of the compass and astrolabe?
To help navigators know their location and direction
What was the purpose of new sail designs in 1200-1450?
To allow for more direct travel
What was the purpose of larger ship designs in 1200-1450?
To allow a greater volume of trade
What was the impact of the compass/astrolabe?
Navigators could more accurately reach their destination; sped up the rate of trad
What was the impact of new sail designs in 1200-1450?
Sailors were no longer held at bay by winds; sped up trade
What was the impact of larger ship designs in 1200-1450?
Increased amount of regional trade
What was an effect of the voyages of Ming Admiral Zhenghe and his Treasure Fleets?
Voyages were canceled after Ming died - He came to the conclusion exploring the Indian Ocean was too costly and provided the Middle Kingdom no benefit
Timbuktu
A trade city that travelers would enter into to trade after crossing the Sahara Desert.
Caravans
A group of people and animals traveling together over long distances.
How did advances in tech. (ie. camel saddles) benefit Trans-Saharan merchants?
They increased the amount of goods that could be traded.
Mansa Musa
An emperor of the Mali Empire
Why did the Mali Empire flourish in 1200-1450?
Access to major trade routes (the Trans-Saharan trade route)
Gold and salt trade
_____ was that religion that played the largest role in linking Sub-Saharan Africa to the rest of Afro-Eurasia
Islam
How did Buddhism spread to East Asia?
Spread across the network of exchange
________ and ________ laid the cultural foundation in Southeast Asia.
Buddhism; Hinduism
Where did Ibn Battuta travel?
Middle East
Central; South; Southeast; East; North Asia
West; East Africa
Where did Marco Polo travel?
Europe
Middle East
Central; South; East Asia
What were the effects of Ibn Battuta’s travels?
Rihla - the most complete travel log of any other traveler of his time
Describes life in Africa/Asia
Provides historians a lot of knowledge
What were the effects of Marco Polo’s travels?
Gave outsiders insight on Mongolian and Kublai Khan life/culture
Bubonic Plague
A plague spread from Central/East Asia into the rest of Afro-Eurasia that killed millions.
Diasporic
A group that has been dispersed/moved outside its traditional homeland
What effect did the introdution of new foods to different regions have?
It helped increase and diversify caloric intake
What crops were introduced into Africa from Southeast Asia in 1200-1450?
Bananas and Citrus fruits
What were the three main trade networks in 1200-1450?
The Trans-Saharan trade network
The Silk Roads
The Indian Ocean trade network
Trade networks increased demand for…
…luxury goods (ie. silk and porcelain).
How did the growth and expansion of the trade routes affect the Mongols?
It allowed the Mongols to grow and expand as well.
Functions of caravanserai along the Silk Road:
Served as stations along the trade route
Stored goods for merchants
Provided overnight protection from bandits
What is the origin of papermaking?
East Asia
What is the origin of algebra?
Middle East
What is the origin of gunpowder?
East Asia
What is the origin of the astrolabe?
Middle East
What is the origin of the bubonic plague?
Central/East Asia
What is the origin of printing?
East Asia
How did the invention of paper money affect the Networks of Exchange?
Allowed merchants to more easily trade
How did the Mongol Empire affect the Middle East?
Ended the Abbasid Caliphate
How did the Mongol Empire affect East Asia?
The fall of the Jin and Song Dynasties
How did the Mongol Empire affect Russia?
Destroyed the Kievan Rus
Ruled the Golden Horde
Kievan Rus
A powerful medieval state that existed in Eastern Europe (from the 9th to mid-13th cent.)
What did the Mongol Empire use to conquer most of Asia?
Horses
Gunpowder
Arrows
Tech. transfers the Mongols encouraged in their empire:
Gunpowder
The Compass
The Astrolabe
Astronomy
Cultural transfers the Mongols encouraged across their empire:
Islam
Buddhism
Literature
Philosophy
