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Applied science > Unit 5- Physics > Flashcards

Unit 5- Physics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is brittle?

A

Is how likely something is to crack, shatter when shocked

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2
Q

What is strength?

A

How easily something breaks under pressure

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3
Q

What is malleable?

A

How easily something is formed by being rolled into thin sheets

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4
Q

What is ductile?

A

How easily something can be drawn into thin wires

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5
Q

What is Hooke’s law?

A

The relationship between force and extension is directly proportional

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6
Q

What is elastic energy?

A

The work done to an elastic object that has been stretched or compressed

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7
Q

What is the equation for change in energy? ( In terms of force)

A

1/2 x Force x Displacement

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8
Q

What is the equation for change in energy? ( In terms of spring constant)

A

1/2 x spring constant x(displacement)2

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9
Q

What is stress?

A

Measure of the force acting within a material

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10
Q

What is strain?

A

The extension of the object compared to its original length

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11
Q

What is young’s modulus?

A

A constant of proportionality that shows the stiffness of the material

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12
Q

What is the equation for young’s modulus?

A

Stress/strain

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13
Q

What is the equation for Stress?

A

Force/area

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14
Q

What is the equation for Strain?

A

Change in length/ original length

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15
Q

What is creep?

A

When a material under stress deforms gradually over time.

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16
Q

What is fatigue?

A

The embrittlement and failure of a material due to cycles of low stress levels

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17
Q

What is elastic hysteresis?

A

The energy required to load the material with stress is different to the energy required to unload the material of stress.

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18
Q

What is density?

A

The mass per unit volume

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19
Q

What is the equation for density?

A

Mass divided by volume

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20
Q

What is the equation for the standard enthalpy change of a reaction?

A

sum of (products) - sum of (Reactants)

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21
Q

What is a laminar flow?

A

Streamlines do not cross

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22
Q

What is turbulent flow?

A

Streamlines cross that forms vortices and eddy currents

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23
Q

What will happen to the viscosity of a non-newtonian fluid?

A

It is constant at any given temperature

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24
Q

What will happen to the viscosity of a newtonian fluid?

A

It will change under different forces

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25
Q

What is mass flow rate?

A

Mass of fluid flow per second for all points along a pipe or stream tube is constant

26
Q

What happens to the velocity if the cross sectional area increases?

A

Decreases

27
Q

What is pressure?

A

Force applied over a given area.

28
Q

What happens to the pressure if the velocity increases?

A

Pressure Decreases

29
Q

What happens to the pressure if the area increases?

A

Pressure increases

30
Q

What is Bernoulli’s principle?

A

At points along a horizontal streamlines, higher pressure regions have lower fluid speed and lower pressure regions have higher fluid speed.

31
Q

What is the quantity symbol for Power?

A

P

32
Q

What is the quantity symbol for Work done?

A

W

33
Q

What is the quantity symbol for Force?

A

F

34
Q

What is the quantity symbol for Volume?

A

V

35
Q

What is the quantity symbol for Distance?

A

x

36
Q

What is the quantity symbol for Pressure?

A

p

37
Q

What is the quantity symbol for Temperature?

A

T

38
Q

What is the unit for Power?

A

Watts

39
Q

What is the unit for Work done?

A

Joules

40
Q

What is the unit for Force?

A

Newtons

41
Q

What is the unit for Volume?

A

Metres cubed

42
Q

What is the unit for Distance?

A

Metres

43
Q

What is the unit for Pressure?

A

Pascals

44
Q

What is the unit for Temperature?

A

Degrees celsius

45
Q

What is the equation for work done in terms of Force?

A

Force x change in distance

46
Q

What is the equation for work done in terms of Pressure?

A

Pressure x change in volume

47
Q

What is the equation for Efficiency?

A

Useful energy output/ total energy input

48
Q

What is the definition for temperature?

A

Average kinetic energy of particles

49
Q

What is the definition of heat?

A

Amount of thermal energy transferred by a given process

50
Q

What is a heat engine?

A

Machines designed to convert thermal energy into useful mechanical work.

51
Q

What is the conservation of energy law?

A

Q out + W out

52
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

The energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 kelvin

53
Q

What is the equation for input energy in terms of change in temperature?

A

Mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature

54
Q

What happens to the temperature during a state change?

A

Stays the same

55
Q

What are the properties of an ideal gas?

A
  • Collisions between particles are elastic
  • Particles do not attract or repel each other
  • Particles are negligibly small compared with the volume that the gas is occupying
56
Q

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

A

The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat energy input minus the output work done

57
Q

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

A

The second law identifies that a natural process can never be fully reversed and it is impossible to completely change all heat into work.

58
Q

What is the Zeroth law of thermodynamics?

A

When two systems are in thermal contact, but there is no net transfer of heat because they are at the same temperature.

59
Q

What is the isothermal process?

A

heat transfer that takes place at a constant temperature

60
Q

What is the Adiabatic process?

A

work is done but there is no transfer of heat.

Applied science (5 decks)

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