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Biology 1 Honors > Unit 5 - Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Unit 5 - Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

What refers to all interactions between molecules within the well-ordered environment of the cell?

A

metabolism

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2
Q

What are two important metabolic activities within living cells important in the transfer and transformation of energy for life processes?

A

photosynthesis and cellular respiration

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3
Q

What is the Law of Conservation?

A

energy can neither be created nor destroyed

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4
Q

What happens in the mitochondria?

A

cellular respiration

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5
Q

What process uses sunlight to combine water and carbon dioxide and then releases oxygen into the air?

A

photosynthesis

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6
Q

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide and water

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7
Q

Photosynthesis - after the reaction with sunlight, what is stored for the plant’s food and energy?

A

glucose

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8
Q

What process is this?
CO2 + H2O –> C6H12O6 + O2

A

photosynthesis

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9
Q

What are the chemicals that a chemical reaction begins with and are located on the left side of the arrow?

A

reactants

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10
Q

What are the chemicals that are left after a chemical reaction and are located on the right side of the arrow?

A

products

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11
Q

Chloroplast is found in…

A

eukaryotic autotrophs (plants and algae)

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12
Q

What organelle helps capture and absorb sunlight?

A

chlorophyll

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13
Q

What provides energy needed to help photosynthesis occur?

A

light (photons)

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14
Q

What provides hydrogen needed to help make glucose?

A

water

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15
Q

What provides the carbon and oxygen needed to help make glucose?

A

carbon dioxide

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16
Q

Water is absorbed through roots and is delivered to the rest of the cell through…

A

xylem

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17
Q

In a leaf, what is absorbed?

A

carbon dioxide

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18
Q

In a leaf, what is released?

A

oxygen

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19
Q

In a leaf, oxygen is released through pores in the leaves called…

A

stomata

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20
Q

The stomata is opened and closed by cells called…

A

guard cells

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21
Q

Where does the light-dependent reaction occur?

A

thylakoid

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22
Q

Where does the light-independent reaction occur (Calvin Cycle)?

A

stroma

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23
Q

What is a granum/grana?

A

a stack of thylakoids

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24
Q

What are green disks that contain chlorophyll?

A

thylakoid

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25
What two reactions occur inside the chloroplast?
light dependent reaction and light independent reaction (Calvin Cycle)
26
Reaction - light energy and hydrogen is transferred to the energy carriers ATP and NADPH
light dependent reaction
27
Reaction - uses CO2 and hydrogen from NADPH to make glucose
light independent reaction (Calvin Cycle)
28
What are the reactants of the light reaction?
light and water
29
What are the reactants of the Calvin Cycle?
carbon dioxide and NADPH
30
What are the products of the light reaction?
ATP and NADPH
31
What are the products of the Calvin Cycle?
sugar and NDP+
32
What is the main source of energy?
the sun
33
What is the process living cells use to convert glucose into energy?
cellular respiration
34
In order for cellular respiration to occur, what two things must enter the organism?
oxygen and glucose
35
What are the waste products of cellular respiration and released into the air?
carbon dioxide and water
36
What process? 6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
cellular respiration
37
What helps catalyze/speed up the respiration process?
enzymes
38
What folds along the inner membrane that are the site of the Electron Transport Chain?
cristae
39
What is liquid filling where the Kreb's Cycle occurs?
matrix
40
What is step 1, 2, and 3 of the process of cellular respiration from glucose to ATP?
1. Glycolysis 2. Kreb's Cycle (matrix) - ATP + CO2 3. ETC (Cristae) - ATP + H2O
41
Where does anaerobic respiration occur?
cytoplasm
42
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
cytoplasm and mitochondria in eukaryotic cells
43
Which respiration requires no oxygen?
anaerobic respiration
44
Which respiration requires oxygen to make ATP?
aerobic respiration
45
In glycolysis, glucose is broken down into...
2 pyruvic acid
46
In Kreb's Cycle, what is the total number of ATP created?
2
47
In the Electron Transport Chain, what is the total ATP created?
34
48
What are the waste products of alcoholic fermentation?
carbon dioxide and alcohol
49
What is the waste product in lactic acid fermentation?
lactic acid
50
What colors does chlorophyll absorb best?
red and blue
51
What goes IN? Light dependent
light + H2O
52
What comes OUT? Light dependent
ATP + NADPH
53
What goes IN? Light independent (Calvin Cycle)
CO2 + NADPH
54
What comes OUT? Light independent (Calvin Cycle)
sugar + NDP+
55
What does the oxygen bond with hydrogen (from glucose) form?
water
56
What is the energy change for photosynthesis?
solar light (sun) to chemical (glucose)
57
What steps are involved in photosynthesis?
light dependent and light independent
58
When does photosynthesis occur?
day time
59
Who performs photosynthesis?
plants and algae (with chloroplast and chlorophyll)
60
What is the waste product of photosynthesis?
oxygen
61
What is the energy change of cellular respiration?
chemical (glucose) to chemical (ATP)
62
What steps are involved in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
63
When does cellular respiration occur?
all the time
64
Who performs cellular respiration?
all living organisms
65
What is the waste product for cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide and water
66
What happens during the Kreb's Cycle?
pyruvate is converted into carbon dioxide
67
Which part of cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm?
anaerobic respiration
68
Where is the ETC located?
mitochondria
69
What is NADPH?
electron carriers

Biology 1 Honors (9 decks)

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