Unit 5 - Periodic Trends

Question 1

What are Periodic Table Trends?

Answer 1

Specific patterns that are present in the periodic table that illustrate different aspects of a specific element.

Question 2

What are the 7 Periodic table trends?

Answer 2

Electronegativity, ionization energy, electron affinity, atomic radius, melting point, metallic character, and ionic radius.

Question 3

What are the Periodic Trend Exceptions?

Answer 3

• Noble Gases (already have complete valence shell)
• Lanthanides and Actinides (more complex chemistry)

Question 4

What’s Atomic Radius and it’s trends?

Answer 4

The distance from the center of the nucleus to the valence electron. (Decreases across period, Increases down the group due to electron shielding)

Question 5

What’s Zeff?

Answer 5

Stands for Effective nuclear charge. The net positive charge that an individual electron feels from the nucleus.

Question 6

What happens when Zeff increases?

Answer 6

Lower energy level and decreased shielding

Question 7

What happens when Zeff decreases?

Answer 7

Higher energy level and increased shielding

Question 8

What is Ionic Radius?

Answer 8

The distance from the center of the nucleus to the valence electrons of the positive or negative ion.

Question 9

What is metallic character and it’s trends?

Answer 9

How readily atoms lose their electrons to form a positive ion (cation) (Decreases across period, Increases down the group)

Question 10

What is Ionization Energy?

Answer 10

The energy needed to remove an electron from the valence shell of an atom (Increases left to right as elements become closer to stable octet, Decreases down the group)

Question 11

What is Electronegativity and it’s trends?

Answer 11

The ability to attract a bonding pair of electrons to itself. (Increases across period, decreased down the group because of shielding effect increasing)

Question 12

What is Electron Affinity and it’s trends?

Answer 12

The ability of an atom to accept an electron. (quantitative) (Increases across the period, decreases down the group because of atomic radius)

Question 13

What is melting point?

Answer 13

The amount of energy required to break a bond(s) to change the solid phase of a substance to a liquid. (Metals high melting point, Non-metals low melting point)

Question 14

What Non-metal possesses the highest melting point?

Answer 14

Carbon

Question 15

What semi-metal element possesses a high melting point?

Answer 15

Boron