Unit 5 Part 2: People Only

Question 1

Positive reinforcement of appropriate grammar and language explains how children learn language

Answer 1

Skinner’s Behaviorist Theory

Question 2

Born with a language acquisition device (innate ability to learn language quickly)
-Language, dialect, accents, etc. determined by the environment

Answer 2

Chomsky’s Language Acquisition Theory

Question 3

The idea that language determines the way we think (ex: Eskimo language and snow)

Answer 3

Whorf’S Linguistic Determinism

Question 4

-Used factor analysis which identifies clusters of related items (ej: Subdivisions of skills for mechanics)

Answer 4

Spearman (G-General Intelligence Theory)

Question 5

-Opposed Spearman
-Identified 7 primary mental abilities

Answer 5

L.L Thurstone (Primary Mental Abilities Theory)
Word fluency, verbal comprehension, number, space, memory, perceptual speed, reasoning)

Question 6

3 types of intelligence
1. Analytical-school smarts
2. Creative-innovative smarts
3. Practical-street smarts

Answer 6

Sternberg (Triarchic Theory)

Question 7

-Phrenologist: Head size/bumps determines intelligence and personality traits
-Coined the term “eugenics” → human improvement through selective breeding
-Intelligence is inherited

Answer 7

Galton

Question 8

-Designed objective test to predict student achievement in France
-Goal was to identify students who needed special attention
-Created mental age → what an average person of a particular age should know
-Test was called the Binet-Simon test

Answer 8

Binet and Simon

Question 9

-Developed Stanford Binet test
-William Stern developed the intelligence quotient (IQ)
IQ=Mental age/Chronological agex100

Answer 9

Terman and Stern

Question 10

-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
-15 Subtests
-Most widely used IQ test

Answer 10

Wechsler

Question 11

-WWI IQ Test (w/ U.S Government)
-Targeted immigrants and army recruits
-First mass administered IQ test

Answer 11

Yerkes