Unit 5 MKP and vocab Flashcards
Social Contract
The agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government.
Who created the Social Contract?
Thomas Hobbes
Natural rights
The rights that all people are born with - John Locke.
Separation of powers and who came up with it?
The assignment of executive, legislative, and judicial powers to different groups of officials in a government - Montesquieu
Conservatives
Europeans who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies - rich people and novels - first half of 19th century.
Bourgeoisie
The social order dominated by the land-owning class, soon became associated with the middle class.
Liberals
In the first half of 19th century, Europeans who favored more political power to elected parliaments.
Radicals
Europeans who favored drastic change to extend democracy to everyone first 19th century.
Labor union
An organization of workers in a particular industry or trade, created to defend the interests of members (working conditions, wages) through strikes or negotiations wit employers.
Manifesto
Public declaration of intentions, opinions, objectives, or motives issued by a government, sovereign, or organization.
Nation-state
An independent nation of people having a common culture and identity …
Nationalism
The belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation – that is, to the people with whom they share a culture and history rather than to a king or empire
Cottage industries
Small-scale industries that can be done at home. Usually women and using raw materials.
Laissez-Faire capitalism
An economic doctrine that opposes governmental regulation of or interference in commerce beyond the minimum necessary for a free-enterprise system to operate according to its own economic laws.
What is the Proletariat
Working class whose only possession of significant material value is their labor-power. Marxist consider them to be oppressed.
Utilitarianism
The doctrine that an action is right insofar as it promotes happiness, and that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of conduct.
Communism
AN economic and social system derived from the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century advocating class war to lead to communal ownership of property and the means of production.
