Unit 4 Must know people and vocab

Question 1

Bartolemeu Dias time

Answer 1

1450-1500

Question 2

Bartolemeu Dias

Answer 2

Portuguese explorer who sailed around the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488 and discovered the Cape of Good Hope.

Question 3

Christopher Columbus

Answer 3

Explorer and navigator who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean - opened up the Americas to European exploration. Sailed for the Spanish crown to find new trade route. 1451-1506

Question 4

Hernan Cortes

Answer 4

1485-1547. Spanish conquistador who led an expedition into the Aztec Empire.

Question 4

Prince Henry

Answer 4

Before Columbus. 1394 - 1460, Central figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire and in 15th century European maritime exploration as the main initiator of the Age of Discovery. He sponsored voyages and established a school of navigation to train future explorers.

Question 5

Francisco PIzarro times?

Answer 5

1471-1541

Question 6

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 6

Spanish conquistador in South America who conquered the Incan Empire.

Question 7

Vasco De Gama

Answer 7

Portuguese explorer. Commanded the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India.

Question 8

Bartolemeu De las Casas

Answer 8

Spanish historian..after Dias. Spanish historian, social reformer, and Dominican friar who chronicled the first decades of Spanish colonization of the West Indies and focused on the atrocities committed by the colonizers.

Question 9

Jacques Cartier

Answer 9

French explorer. First European to describe and map the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the shoes of St. Lawrence.

Question 10

Where is saint lawerence?

Answer 10

Ontario canada

Question 11

Philip II

Answer 11

1598. King of Spain when the Spanish empire reached its greatest extent, with the empire having territories in EVERY CONTINENT. He’s considered the model for absolute monarchy.

Question 12

Doña Marina alternative?

Answer 12

La Malinche

Question 13

Doña Marina

Answer 13

A native woman who played.a key role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, when she acted as an interpreter, advisor, and intermediary for Hernán Cortés.

Question 14

Charles V reign?

Answer 14

1500-1558

Question 15

Charles V

Answer 15

Holy Roman Emperor and ruler of the Spanish Empire; by bringing together the two empires, he created an empire to be the first described as “the empire on which the sun never sets”

Question 16

King Nzinga alt?

Answer 16

Afonso I..16th century

Question 17

King Nzinga

Answer 17

Ruler of the kingdom of Kongo during the height of the Portuguese slave trade in the region. Converted to Christianity and adopted some Europeans ideas during his reign.

Question 18

Queen Nzinga

Answer 18

Queen of Ndongo and Matamba in modern-day Angola(Africa) known for her political and diplomatic skills who struggled against Portuguese incursions into her kingdom.

Question 19

Queen Nanny

Answer 19

18th century leader of the Jamaican Maroons(formally enslaved Africans). Used Guerilla war against the British in Jamaica. Defeated the British and signed a treaty with Queen Nanny and her followers in 1740.

Question 20

Metacom

Answer 20

Chief of the Wampanoag people. Sought to live in harmony with the Puritan colonists, however forced to give major concessions to the English in 1671. Did fight against them 1675

Question 21

Pugachev

Answer 21

Russian Cossack(peasant) leader of a popular insurrection during the reign of Catherine the Great. Pugachev’s rebellion failed and caused Russia to end reforms to emancipate the peasant serfs.

Question 22

Conquistador

Answer 22

The Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters who took part in the conquest of the Americas.

Question 23

Triangular trade aka the Atlantic system

Answer 23

The transatlantic trading network along which slaves and other goods were carried between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in North America.

Question 24

Colonialism

Answer 24

Policy by which a nation administers a foreign territory and develops its resources for the benefit of Colonial power.

Question 25

Viceroy

Answer 25

Member of the nobility appointed to rule a country or province as the deputy of the sovereign - means in place of the king.

Question 26

Colombian Exchange

Answer 26

Global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas.

Question 27

Commercialization

Answer 27

An economic system in which merchants trade and invest money in order to make a profit; prices are determined by supply and demand.

Question 28

Mercantilism

Answer 28

An economic policy under which nations sough5t to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than were purchased.

Question 29

Joint-stock corporation

Answer 29

An association of individuals joined together in a business enterprise, with transferable shares of stock(certificates of ownership).

Question 30

Coercive labor

Answer 30

A system where the workers are forced to work based on threats, pressure, or intimidation. Including slavery.

Question 31

Encomienda

Answer 31

A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it. Established a framework for relations based on economic dominance.

Question 32

Mita alternative

Answer 32

Repartimiento

Question 33

Mita

Answer 33

Forced labor system replacing Indian slaved and encomienda workers; used to mobilize labor for mines and other projects. European adaptation of the Inca system that required all able-bodied subjects to work for the state a certain number of days each year.

Question 34

Indentured servitude

Answer 34

Labor system where a person is bound by indentures to work for another for a specified time, especially in return for payment of travel expenses.

Question 35

Haciendas

Answer 35

Rural agricultural and herding estates; produced for consumers in America; basis for wealth and power of the local aristocracy.

Question 36

Plantations/plantation system

Answer 36

A large estate, especially in a tropical country. Cash crops on coercive labor

Question 37

Peninsulares

Answer 37

Spanish-born residents of the New World.

Question 38

Creoles

Answer 38

Colonists who born in Latin America to Spanish parents in Spanish colonial society.

Question 39

Castas

Answer 39

Spanish and Portuguese system of racial classification used in the 17th and 18th century mainly in Spanish America to describe the social hierarchy in the post-Conquest period

Question 40

Mestizo

Answer 40

Mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry

Question 41

Mulattoes

Answer 41

Mixed Spanish and African ancestry

Question 42

Middle passage

Answer 42

The voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies, and later to North and South America, to be sold as slaves. Middle leg of triangular.

Question 43

Chattel slavery

Answer 43

Concept of believing slaves were merely objects, not humans

Question 44

Salt-water slaves

Answer 44

African born slaves

Question 45

Creole slaves

Answer 45

American born descendants of salt-water slaves.