Unit 3 Vocab and MKP quiz Flashcards
Absolutism
Concept of government developed during rise of nation-states in Western Europe during the 17th century; featured monarchs who passed laws without parliaments.
Divine right
Divine right the idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth and are therefore answerable only to God.
Proletariat
Class of working people who do not own property, typically manufacturing workers, paid laborers in agricultural economy, or urban pooor. A product of economic changes of the 16th and 17th century.
Parliamentary monarchy
Originated in England and the Netherlands in the 17th century - Kings are partially checked by significant legislative powers in parliaments
Hegemony
The predominant influence, as of a state, region, or group, over another or others.
Ethnocentrism
Regarding one’s own race as better/superior
Janissaries?? What empire??
Ottomans
Janissaries
Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated ottoman armies – had a great deal of political influence after 15th century.
Devshirme
Ottoman Empire policy of taking children from conquered Christian peoples to be trained as Muslim soldiers.
Shah
King, title of the Mughal rulers.
Vizier
Head of the Ottoman bureaucracy, after the 15th century often more powerful than the sultan.
Harem
the women in a Muslim household, including the mother, sisters, wives, concubines, daughters, entertainers, and servants. Ottoman sultans had large harems.
Sati
Hindu ritual in India of immolating(sacrificing) surviving windows with the bodies of their deceased husbands.
Immolating
Sacrificing.
Boyars
Landowning nobles in Russia, had less power than their Western European counterparts
Cossacks
Peasants recruited to migrate to lands in the southern parts of Russia, combined agriculture with military conquests.
Westernization
To influence with ideas, customs, practices, etc, of Western Europe.
Multinational State
An empire composed of many nations ethnic groups…
Example of multinational state
Russia and Ottoman Empire.
Secular
Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters.
Predestination
Christian doctrine that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be eternally saved.
Protestant
A member of the Christian church founded on the principles of the Reformation.
Indulgences
A pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin, sold by the Catholic Church to help raise money.
Bhakti
A popular movement in Hinduism centered around the personal worship of gods especially Vishnu and Shiva, popular with women.
Predestination creator?
John Calvin.
Kangxi
Considered one of China’s greatest emperors. His reign brought about long-term stability and relative wealth after years of war and chaos. He initiated the period known as the “Prosperous Era of Kangxi and Qianglong” or “High Qing” which lasted for several generations after his death.
Akbar
Ruler of the Mughals known for having a liberal outlook on all faiths and beliefs. Expanded empire and brought religious unity.
Atahualpa
Last Inca emperor before the Spanish conquest; was in the middle of a civil war with his brother when Francisco Pizarro showed up.
Montezuma II
Aztec ruler during the Spanish conquest of Mexico. Expanded the empire’s boundary and died during an attack on the capital city.
Elizabeth I
Last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. Her reign was called the “Golden Age of England,” known for the flourishing of English drama and skilled adventurers.
Aurangzeb
Mughal emperor 1618 abandoned the policies of religious toleration set in place by his predecessors.
Louis XIV
Consolidated a system of absolute monarchical rule in France and was mimicked by many other rulers during this time period. Built the Palace of Versailles.
Suleiman the Magnificent
Ottoman ruler known for his reconstruction of the ottoman legal system, which gave him the nickname ‘the lawgiver”. Presided over the apex of Ottoman military, political, and economic power.
Ivan IV
1530 Grand Price of Moscow – first ruler to be crowned as Czar of all Russia and managed many changes that allowed Russia to become an empire.
Peter the Great
Russian Tsar who presided over the Westernization of the Russia into more modern, scientific and Europe-oriented system.
Martin Luther
1483 Wrote the 95 theses as a critique of the Catholic Church while serving as a monk in Germany and is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation.
Tokugawa Leyasu
Last great of the 3 unifers of Japan and founder of the Tokugawa shogunate. Which lasted until the mid-19th century. Presided over the beginning of Japanese isolationism.
Henry VIII
King of ENgland who broke away from Catholic Church to form Church of England. Divorces first wife.
Guru Nanak
The founder of Sikhism.
