Unit 5 Language - Vocabulary

Question 1

Accent

Answer 1

The manner in which people speak and they way words are pronounced in different parts of the world

Question 2

Anatolian Hypothesis

Answer 2

Theory that the movement of Indo-European languages in Turkey (Anatolia) diffused through agricultural practices and they are the first speakers of the Proto-Indo-European language

Question 3

Creole

Answer 3

A language that results from the mixing of a colonizer’s language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated

Question 4

Dialect

Answer 4

A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation

Question 5

Esperanto

Answer 5

an artificial language devised in 1887 as an international medium of communication, based on roots from the chief European languages

Question 6

Extinct language

Answer 6

A language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used

Question 7

Ideogram

Answer 7

a written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it, e.g., numerals and Chinese characters.

Question 8

Logogram

Answer 8

A symbol that represents a word rather than a sound

Question 9

Indo-European

Answer 9

The most widely used language family and is predominant in Europe, South Asia, and North and Latin America

Question 10

Nostratic Hypothesis

Answer 10

A theory that proposed a language family that includes I.E., Uralic, Semitic, Dravidian, and Kartvelian, not supported by most linguists

Question 11

Isogloss

Answer 11

A boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate

Question 12

Isolated language

Answer 12

A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family

Question 13

Kurgan Hypothesis

Answer 13

A theory which holds that the spread of Indo-European languages originated with animal domestication

Question 14

Language

Answer 14

A system of communication through the use of speech; a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning

Question 15

Language branch

Answer 15

A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago. Differences are not as extensive or as old as with language families, and archaeological evidence can confirm that the branches derived from the same family

Question 16

Language family

Answer 16

A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history

Question 17

Language group

Answer 17

A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary

Question 18

Lingua Franca

Answer 18

A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages

Question 19

Mono, bi, multi linguality

Answer 19

Mono- speak 1 language

Bi- speak 2 languages

Multi- speak more than 2 languages

Question 20

Official language

Answer 20

The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents

Question 21

Orthography

Answer 21

A method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols

Question 22

Pidgin

Answer 22

A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca; used for communications among speakers of two different languages

Question 23

Polyglot

Answer 23

A person who knows and speaks multiple languages

Question 24

Slang

Answer 24

a type of language that consists of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people

Question 25

Standard language

Answer 25

The form of language used for official government business, education, and mass communications

Question 26

Syntax

Answer 26

the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language

Question 27

Toponym

Answer 27

The name given to a part of Earth’s surface

Question 28

Trade language

Answer 28

common languages used by merchants who did not speak a common tongue

Question 29

Vernacular

Answer 29

the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region