Unit 4 Culture - Vocabulary

Question 1

Acculturation

Answer 1

adoption of certain cultural and social characteristics of one society by another society

Question 2

Assimilation

Answer 2

to force people of indigenous cultures to adopt dominant cultures

Question 3

Artifact

Answer 3

Material objects made by a humans to represent an aspect of a culture

Question 4

Built environment

Answer 4

The part of the physical landscape that represents material culture, including buildings, roads, bridges, etc

Question 5

Core-domain-sphere model

Answer 5

Core: the zone of greatest concentration of homogeneity of he culture traits that characterizes a region

Domain- the area outside the of the core of a culture region in which the culture is still dominant but less intense

Sphere- the zone of outer influence for a culture region

Question 6

Cultural convergence

Answer 6

The tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication

Question 7

Cultural perception

Answer 7

The concept that people of different cultures will definitely observe and interpret their environment and make different decisions about its nature, potentiality, and use

Question 8

Cultural ecology

Answer 8

A geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships

Question 9

Cultural landscape

Answer 9

The fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group

Question 10

Culture realm

Answer 10

The entire region throughout which a culture prevails. Criteria that may be chosen to define culture realms include religion, language, diet, customs, or economic development

Question 11

Culture hearth

Answer 11

Locations on earth’s surface where specific cultures first arose

Question 12

Culture complex

Answer 12

The group of traits that define a particular culture

Question 13

Culture traits

Answer 13

The specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture

Question 14

Culture region

Answer 14

A formal or functional region within which common cultural characteristics prevail

Question 15

Custom

Answer 15

The frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group of people performing the act

Question 16

Environmental Determinsm

Answer 16

A 19th and early 20th century approach to the study of geography which argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how physical environment caused human activities

Question 17

Folk culture

Answer 17

Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups

Question 18

Globalization

Answer 18

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

Question 19

Glocalization

Answer 19

the practice of conducting business according to both local and global considerations

Question 20

Habit

Answer 20

A repetitive act performed by a particular individual

Question 21

Material culture

Answer 21

The tangible, physical items produced and used by members of a specific culture group and reflective of their traditions, lifestyles and technologies

Question 22

Mentifact

Answer 22

The central, enduring elements of a culture expressing its values and beliefs, including language, religion, folklore, etc

Question 23

Nonmaterial culture

Answer 23

includes creations and abstract ideas that are not embodied in physical objects. In other words, any intangible products created and shared between the members of a culture over time are aspects of their nonmaterial culture

Question 24

Popular culture

Answer 24

Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics

Question 25

Possibilism

Answer 25

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

Question 26

Sequent occupance

Answer 26

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape

Question 27

Sociofact

Answer 27

The institutions and links between individuals and groups that unit a culture, including family structure and political, educational, and religious institutions

Question 28

Taboo

Answer 28

A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom

Question 29

Uniform landscape

Answer 29

How popular culture’s landscape looks the same

Question 30

Ubiquitous landscape

Answer 30

Found everywhere

Question 31

Vernacular region

Answer 31

An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity