Unit 5- Genetics Vocab

Question 1

heredity

Answer 1

passing down traits from parent to offspring

Question 2

trait

Answer 2

a spacific characteristic of an induvidual

Question 3

Genetics

Answer 3

Study of heredity

Question 4

Hybrid

Answer 4

an organism that comes from parents that have different characteristics

Question 5

Allele

Answer 5

one form of a gene

Question 6

Dominant

Answer 6

an allele that is displayed in the phenotype of the organism any time it is present

Question 7

Recessive

Answer 7

two recessive alleles must be present for this trait to show up in the phenotype of the organism

Question 8

Law of Segregation

Answer 8

every organism has 2 alleles of each gene and when gametes are formed, they get 1 allele

Question 9

Phenotype

Answer 9

physical appearance of a trait

Question 10

Genotype

Answer 10

Allele combination for a trait

Question 11

Homozygous

Answer 11

two of the same allele

Question 12

Heterozygous

Answer 12

two different alleles

Question 13

Law of independent assortment

Answer 13

genes for different traits can segregate separately from one another

Question 14

Pedigree

Answer 14

graphic picture of genetic inheritance

Question 15

Carrier

Answer 15

an organism that carries a recessive gene that they can pass on to offspring

Question 16

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 16

shows a mix of both dominant and other allele ( a blend of the two

Question 17

Codominant Allele

Answer 17

shows traits from both alleles

Question 18

multiple allele

Answer 18

a gene with more then two alleles

Question 19

Autosome

Answer 19

any chromosome that’s not a sex chromosome

Question 20

Sex-Linked Trait

Answer 20

controlled by alleles on sex chromosomes

Question 21

Polygenic Inheritance

Answer 21

A trait controlled by multiple different genes

Question 22

Test Cross

Answer 22

crossing an organism with a dominant phenotype with oe with a recessive phenotype.