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Biology 1 > Unit 3-DNA/Protein Synthesis Review > Flashcards

Unit 3-DNA/Protein Synthesis Review Flashcards

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1
Q

3 Parts of a nucleotide

A

Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

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2
Q

A DNA strand has the following sequence of bases: AAGTCG. What would be the sequence of bases on the complementary strand?

A

TTCAGC

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3
Q

What major class of carbon compounds is formed from nucleotides?

A

Nucleic acids

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4
Q

What are the nitrogen bases for RNA

A

AUCG

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5
Q

What are the nitrogen bases of DNA

A

ATCG

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6
Q

Where in the cell is DNA

A

Nucleus

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7
Q

Where in the cell is RNA

A

mRNA- nucleus and cytoplasm
tRNA & rRNA-cytoplasm

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8
Q

Function of DNA

A

Contains hereditary information and code for proteins

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9
Q

Function of mRNA

A

contains codons for proteins , transcribed from DNA

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10
Q

Function of tRNA

A

brings amino acids to create proteins/peptides

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11
Q

Function of rRNA

A

ribosome structure

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12
Q

DNA is _____ stranded and RNA is ______ stranded

A

Double, Single

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13
Q

What is Transcription

A

mRNA is created from the DNA code

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14
Q

where dose transcription take place

A

nucleus

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15
Q

where dose mRNA take the code after being transcribed

A

ribosomes/cytoplasm

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16
Q

A DNA strand has the following sequence of nitrogenous bases: CCTACG. What will be the sequence of bases in the mRNA that results from transcription?

A

GGAUGC

17
Q

what happens during translation

A

The mRNA code is translated into an amino acid chain at the ribosome, with amino acids brought by tRNA

18
Q

what type of molecules do tRNA carry

A

amino acids

19
Q

What is a DNA mutation

A

Altering of the DNA code

20
Q

nonsense mutation

A

A mutation that causes a program to stop instead of coding for the appropriate codon

21
Q

missense mutation

A

A point mutation that causes a different amino acid to be coded for

22
Q

silent mutation

A

A change in the nucleotide that dose not change the amino acid sequence

23
Q

What type of mutations are the most dangerous

A

Frame-shift

24
Q

What factors cause mutations

A

Chemical, radiation, environmental factors

25
Q

point mutation

A

one base gets changed

26
Q

frameshift mutation

A

1 base gets added or deleted

27
Q

chromosomal mutation

A

entire chromosome gets changed

28
Q

3 types of chromosomal mutation

A

insertion- extra part is added
deletion-part is deleted
inversion-part of chromosome breaks off and reattaches wrong

29
Q

Mutations can only be inherited if they occur in what type of cell

A

sex cells

30
Q

Cancer

A

abnormal cell growth that results in a tumor
caused by mutations that effect growth and division

Biology 1 (9 decks)

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