Unit 5 - Digestion Flashcards
Which of the following small intestine cells secrete lysozyme?
Panera Cells
Which structure regulates the flow of material into the colon?
Ileocecal sphincter
Which of the following pancreatic enzymes acts on glycogen and starches?
Amylase
Which of the following is a contribution of the digestive system to the muscular system?
The liver can convert lactic acid to glucose
Which of the following is the principle bile pigment?
Bilirubin
Which of the following structures is found on the liver and is a remnant of the umbilical cord in a fetus ?
Round ligament
How long can food stay in the fundus before being mixed with gastric juice?
1 hour
Which of the following accessory organs stores bile?
Gallbladder
Which of the following enzymes acts to produce monoglycerides as one product ?
Lipase
Which of the following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine ?
Absorption.
Which structure is composed of prominent lymphatic nodules that function in the immune response ?
MALT
The capability of the GI tract to move material along its length is called
1. Motility
2. Propulsion
3. Digestion
4. Defecation
Both 1 and 2 (Motility and Propulsion)
Which of the following is the forerunner of the gastrointestinal tract?
Primitive gut
Which portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine ?
Greater omentum
Keto acids
Can enter Krebs or be used for ATP production
Neuropeptide Y stimulates
Food intake
Which of the following transport dietary lipids ?
Chylomicrons
Where does the Krebs cycle take place?
Mitochondria
How many ATPs can come from substrate level phosphorylation during glycolysis ?
2
What hormone stimulates gluconeogenesis?
Glucagon (?)
Which of the following helps the core temperature to increase ?
Constriction of blood vessels of the skin, increase in cellular respiration, shivering, thyroid hormone induced increase in metabolic rate, (All of these are methods for core temperate increase!!)
Which hormone(s) dominate(s) the absorptive state?
Insulin
Which vitamin deficiency can result in rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults?
D
Chemical reactions that break down complex organic molecules into simpler ones are called
Catabolism
How many reactions take place during the Krebs cycle
8
Which hormone is the primary hormone involved in protein breakdown in the postabsorpitive state?
Cortisol
Which of the following is NOT a function of phosphorus in the body?
Affects distribution of water through osmosis
The higher the relative humidity
The lower the rate of evaporation
Which of the following disorders is a disorder in which protein intake is deficient despite normal or nearly normal caloric intake ?
Kwashiokor
Which of the following is NOT a postabsorpitive state reaction?
Lipogenesis
Which of following is a mechanism of heat transfer that involves direct contact ?
Conduction
Which of the following is not a molecule at the “metabolic crossroads”?
Glycogen
Which of the following is NOT a form of phosphorylation ?
Reduction phosphorylation
Liver cells concert
Ammonia into urea
What hormone stimulates glycogenesis ?
Insulin
Which nutrient is required by the thyroid gland to synthesize thyroid hormones ?
Iodide/Iodine
The most abundant product of the reactions of the Krebs cycle is
Reduced coenzymes
Which of the following is NOT a fate that awaits glucose 6-phosphate after it is formed in a cell?
Gluconeogenesis
Which of the following is needed for the synthesis of thyroid hormones?
Selenium
