Unit 5 Conception and Fetal Growth and Development

Question 1

FHS stimulates what?

Answer 1

1) Testis to produce sperm
2) Ovaries to produce estrogen, promoting follicle maturation

Question 2

LH stimulates which:

Answer 2

1) Testis to produce testosterone
2) Ovaries to Ovulate

Question 3

GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete the 2 principal gonadotropins, which are?

Answer 3

1) Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
2) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Question 4

What is the male reporductive function?

Answer 4

• Produce sperm
• Transfer sperm into the female reproductive tract.

Question 5

Describe spermatogenesis.

Answer 5

• Begins at puberty
• Occurs in the seminiferous tubules

Question 6

Maturation of sperm occurs in ?

Answer 6

The epididymis

Question 7

Describe the Vas Deferens

Answer 7

• Sheathed in the spermatic cord
• Carries the sperm outward to the urethra

Question 8

What does testosterone influence and promote?

Answer 8

1) Sperm production
2) Development of secondary sex characteristics.

Question 9

What secretes an alkaline fluid that protects sperm in the acidic vaginal environment?

Answer 9

Prostate

Question 10

What is the female reproductive function?

Answer 10

• Produces eggs
• Allows for sexual intimacy
• Provides for conception, pregnancy, and childbirth

Question 11

Oogenesis begins before?

Answer 11

birth

Question 12

Where does oogenesis occur?

Answer 12

In the ovaries

Question 13

When does the 2nd Meiotic division occur?

Answer 13

Just before ovulation

Question 14

What is Menarche?

Answer 14

The first occurrence of menstruation

Question 15

What does FSH stimulate?

Answer 15

The ovaries to produce estrogen

Question 16

What does LH stimulate?

Answer 16

Ovaries to ovulate, than produce progesterone.

Question 17

What moves the ovum down the fallopian tube?

Answer 17

Cilia

Question 18

What is the uterine muscle called?

Answer 18

Myometrium

Question 19

What is the endometrium?

Answer 19

Vascular inner lining of the uterus

Question 20

Which phase is at the beginning of each menstrual, where an ovarian follicle develops

Answer 20

Follicular phase

Question 21

What does the follicle produce within the ovary?

Answer 21

Estrogen, causing the ova to mature.

Question 22

When the pituitary detects the high levels of estrogen, it releases a ?

Answer 22

Surge of LH

Question 23

What phases are included in the Ovarian Cycle?

Answer 23

1) Follicular phase
2) Luteal Phase

Question 24

The sudden surge of LH causes the follicle to burst, releasing the?

Answer 24

Egg (ovulation)

Question 25

When does the luteal phase occure?

Answer 25

After ovulation, LH levels cause the follicle to transform into the corpus luteum.

Question 26

The corpus luteum secretes?

Answer 26

Progesterone

Question 27

What are the phases in the Uterine cycle?

Answer 27

1) Menstrual phase 2) Proliferative phase 3) Secretory phase 4) Ischemic phase

Question 28

Describe the menstrual phase

Answer 28

Menstruation occurs due to low progesterone and estrogen levels

Question 29

Describe the proliferative phase

Answer 29

Increasing estrogen level encourages growth of the endometrial lining by increasing uterine blood vessel development

Question 30

Describe the secretory phase:

Answer 30

After ovulation the corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which causes the endometrium to become denser and richer.

Question 31

If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum does what?

Answer 31

Degenerates and progesterone level decreases

Question 32

Describe the Ischemic phase

Answer 32

Dropping hormone levels cause decreased blood flow to the endometrium so it becomes ischemic and prepares to slough off.

Question 33

Ovum and sperm join to form a single cell called--?

Answer 33

Conceptus or zygoter

Question 34

How many pairs of chromosomes does a zygote have?

Answer 34

23 pairs

Question 35

Sex is determined at the moment of?

Answer 35

Conception/Fertilization

Question 36

When does the differentiation of sex occur?

Answer 36

At the end of the 8th week

Question 37

Where does conception take place?

Answer 37

In the fallopian tube

Question 38

How long are ova fertile for after ovulation?

Answer 38

48 hours

Question 39

How long can sperm survive in the female reproductive tract?

Answer 39

up to 72 hours

Question 40

What is a women's fertile day range?

Answer 40

3 days prior to ovulation through 2 days after ovulation.

Question 41

When does the fertilization age start?

Answer 41

The moment of fertilization

Question 42

In the Preembryonic stage, what is the fertilization age?

Answer 42

0-2 weeks

Question 43

What is the Fertilization age in the Embryonic stage?

Answer 43

3-8 weeks

Question 44

What is the fertilization age of the fetal stage?

Answer 44

9-38 weeks

Question 45

Egg and sperm unite to form a?

Answer 45

Zygote

Question 46

In the Cleavage phase, mitotic division occurs to divide the cells from ---?

Answer 46

2 to 32

Question 47

Morula is day what?

Answer 47

3

Question 48

In the preembryonic stage, day 5 is called---

Answer 48

blastocyt

Question 49

Define Trophoblast, which is part of the preembryonic stage.

Answer 49

Outer layer that becomes the placenta and amniotic sac

Question 50

How many days does it take a zygote to reach the uterus?

Answer 50

3-4 days

Question 51

After the zygote reaches the uterus it takes an addition ------ for the trophoblast to develop fingerlike projections that reach into the endometrium for implantation.

Answer 51

3-4 days

Question 52

What are chorionic villi

Answer 52

The fingerlike projections branching out from the trophoblast

Question 53

All organ systems and major structures begin to develop by the end of what?

Answer 53

The embryo stage.

Question 54

Define Organogenesis

Answer 54

All organ systems and major structures begin to develop by the end of this stage