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1040 Principles of Nursing Across the Lifespan > Unit 5 Conception and Fetal Growth and Development > Flashcards

Unit 5 Conception and Fetal Growth and Development Flashcards

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1
Q

FHS stimulates what?

A

1) Testis to produce sperm
2) Ovaries to produce estrogen, promoting follicle maturation

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2
Q

LH stimulates which:

A

1) Testis to produce testosterone
2) Ovaries to Ovulate

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3
Q

GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete the 2 principal gonadotropins, which are?

A

1) Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
2) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

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4
Q

What is the male reporductive function?

A
  • Produce sperm
  • Transfer sperm into the female reproductive tract.
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5
Q

Describe spermatogenesis.

A
  • Begins at puberty
  • Occurs in the seminiferous tubules
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6
Q

Maturation of sperm occurs in ?

A

The epididymis

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7
Q

Describe the Vas Deferens

A
  • Sheathed in the spermatic cord
  • Carries the sperm outward to the urethra
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8
Q

What does testosterone influence and promote?

A

1) Sperm production
2) Development of secondary sex characteristics.

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9
Q

What secretes an alkaline fluid that protects sperm in the acidic vaginal environment?

A

Prostate

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10
Q

What is the female reproductive function?

A
  • Produces eggs
  • Allows for sexual intimacy
  • Provides for conception, pregnancy, and childbirth
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11
Q

Oogenesis begins before?

A

birth

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12
Q

Where does oogenesis occur?

A

In the ovaries

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13
Q

When does the 2nd Meiotic division occur?

A

Just before ovulation

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14
Q

What is Menarche?

A

The first occurrence of menstruation

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15
Q

What does FSH stimulate?

A

The ovaries to produce estrogen

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16
Q

What does LH stimulate?

A

Ovaries to ovulate, than produce progesterone.

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17
Q

What moves the ovum down the fallopian tube?

A

Cilia

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18
Q

What is the uterine muscle called?

A

Myometrium

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19
Q

What is the endometrium?

A

Vascular inner lining of the uterus

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20
Q

Which phase is at the beginning of each menstrual, where an ovarian follicle develops

A

Follicular phase

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21
Q

What does the follicle produce within the ovary?

A

Estrogen, causing the ova to mature.

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22
Q

When the pituitary detects the high levels of estrogen, it releases a ?

A

Surge of LH

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23
Q

What phases are included in the Ovarian Cycle?

A

1) Follicular phase
2) Luteal Phase

24
Q

The sudden surge of LH causes the follicle to burst, releasing the?

A

Egg (ovulation)

25
Q

When does the luteal phase occure?

A

After ovulation, LH levels cause the follicle to transform into the corpus luteum.

26
Q

The corpus luteum secretes?

A

Progesterone

27
Q

What are the phases in the Uterine cycle?

A

1) Menstrual phase
2) Proliferative phase
3) Secretory phase
4) Ischemic phase

28
Q

Describe the menstrual phase

A

Menstruation occurs due to low progesterone and estrogen levels

29
Q

Describe the proliferative phase

A

Increasing estrogen level encourages growth of the endometrial lining by increasing uterine blood vessel development

30
Q

Describe the secretory phase:

A

After ovulation the corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which causes the endometrium to become denser and richer.

31
Q

If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum does what?

A

Degenerates and progesterone level decreases

32
Q

Describe the Ischemic phase

A

Dropping hormone levels cause decreased blood flow to the endometrium so it becomes ischemic and prepares to slough off.

33
Q

Ovum and sperm join to form a single cell called–?

A

Conceptus or zygoter

34
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes does a zygote have?

A

23 pairs

35
Q

Sex is determined at the moment of?

A

Conception/Fertilization

36
Q

When does the differentiation of sex occur?

A

At the end of the 8th week

37
Q

Where does conception take place?

A

In the fallopian tube

38
Q

How long are ova fertile for after ovulation?

A

48 hours

39
Q

How long can sperm survive in the female reproductive tract?

A

up to 72 hours

40
Q

What is a women’s fertile day range?

A

3 days prior to ovulation through 2 days after ovulation.

41
Q

When does the fertilization age start?

A

The moment of fertilization

42
Q

In the Preembryonic stage, what is the fertilization age?

A

0-2 weeks

43
Q

What is the Fertilization age in the Embryonic stage?

A

3-8 weeks

44
Q

What is the fertilization age of the fetal stage?

A

9-38 weeks

45
Q

Egg and sperm unite to form a?

A

Zygote

46
Q

In the Cleavage phase, mitotic division occurs to divide the cells from —?

A

2 to 32

47
Q

Morula is day what?

A

3

48
Q

In the preembryonic stage, day 5 is called—

A

blastocyt

49
Q

Define Trophoblast, which is part of the preembryonic stage.

A

Outer layer that becomes the placenta and amniotic sac

50
Q

How many days does it take a zygote to reach the uterus?

A

3-4 days

51
Q

After the zygote reaches the uterus it takes an addition —— for the trophoblast to develop fingerlike projections that reach into the endometrium for implantation.

A

3-4 days

52
Q

What are chorionic villi

A

The fingerlike projections branching out from the trophoblast

53
Q

All organ systems and major structures begin to develop by the end of what?

A

The embryo stage.

54
Q

Define Organogenesis

A

All organ systems and major structures begin to develop by the end of this stage

55
Q
A

1040 Principles of Nursing Across the Lifespan (9 decks)

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