Terms Reproduction/Fetal development

Question 1

Climacteric

Answer 1

The interlude surrounding menopause in which changes in reproductive functions takes place. A transitional time in a women’s life marked by declining ovarian function and decreased hormone production prior to menopause

Question 2

Dizygotic

Answer 2

Originating from 2 zygotes (fraternal twins)

Question 3

Corpus luteum

Answer 3

A yellow body that forms after ovulation from the remnants of the follicle

Question 4

Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 4

A pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus

Question 5

Endometrium

Answer 5

The vascular mucosal layer of walls of the corpus and fundus that changes under hormonal influence every month in preparation for possible pregnancy. (Lining of the uterus).

Question 6

Embryo

Answer 6

The developing conceptus, from weeks 2-8

Question 7

Epididymis

Answer 7

An intricate network of coiled ducts on the posterior portion of each testis that is approximately 6 m (20 ft) in length.

Question 8

Fetus

Answer 8

Term for the organism after it has reached the 8th week of life and acquires a human likeness.

Question 9

Gametes

Answer 9

A mature male or female reproductive cell (sex cells)

Question 10

Gametogenesis

Answer 10

The formation and development of gametes or germ cells by the process of meiosis

Question 11

Menarche

Answer 11

Initial menstrual period

Question 12

Monozygotic

Answer 12

Identical twins that are derived from one zygote

Question 13

Myometrium

Answer 13

The muscular middle layer of the walls of the corpus and fundus that is responsible for the contractions of labor

Question 14

Morula

Answer 14

Solid mass of cells, resembling a mulberry, following 3 days after fertilization.

Question 15

Ovulation

Answer 15

Releasing the mature ovum into the abdominal cavity, which occurs on day 14 of a 28 day cycle.

Question 16

Teratogen

Answer 16

Substances that adversely affect normal cell development in the embryo/fetus

Question 17

Seminiferous Tubules

Answer 17

Tiny coils of tissue in the lobes of the testis in which spermatogenesis occurs

Question 18

Wharton’s Jelly

Answer 18

A clear white gelatinous substance that gives support to the umbilical cord and helps prevent compression of the cord.

Question 19

Vas deferens

Answer 19

The muscular tube in which sperm begin their journey out of the body

Question 20

Zygote

Answer 20

Or conceptus, results when the ovum and a spermatozoon unite. Has the full complement of 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.

Question 21

Amnion

Answer 21

The thick fibrous lining made up of several layers, that helps to protect the fetus and forms the inner part of the sac in which the fetus grows.

Question 22

Mitosis

Answer 22

A type of cell division that results in 2 daughter cells that are the same as the original cell and contain the same amount of chromosomes (somatic cells).

Question 23

Meiosis

Answer 23

A cell division process by which cells divide and decrease their chromosomal number by half.

Question 24

Blastocyst

Answer 24

The developing mass of cells at the point of implantation following the morula

Question 25

Chorion

Answer 25

A second layer of thick fibrous tissue that surrounds the amnion

Question 26

Chorionic villi

Answer 26

Fingerlike projections that extend out from the chorion giving it a rough appearance.

Question 27

Cleavage

Answer 27

The process of mitotic division performed by the zygote

Question 28

Decidua

Answer 28

The endometrium that has changed to support a pregnancy