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1040 Principles of Nursing Across the Lifespan > Unit 1 Nursing Care of Families > Flashcards

Unit 1 Nursing Care of Families Flashcards

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1
Q

Define “Family”

A

1) Two or more people who share resources and provide physical, emotional, or spiritual support to each other.

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2
Q

How are families related?

A

They may be related biologically, legally, and/or emotionally.

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3
Q

What is the primary purpose of a family?

A

Ensure survival and person fulfillment of each member.

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4
Q

What is family bonding strengthened by?

A

Attachment and commitment

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5
Q

What is the family’s role in society?

A

1) Civilization’s oldest and most basic social unit

2) Foster customs, knowledge, values and beliefs.

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6
Q

What is a “family of origin”?

A

Family that raised the individual

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7
Q

What is a “Family of choice”?

A

Family adopted through marriage or cohabitation.

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8
Q

Define nuclear family

A

Consists of a husband, wife, and their children.

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9
Q

Define extended family.

A

Grandparents, aunts, uncles, or cousins living under the same roof.

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10
Q

What is a single partent family?

A

One adult w/ one or more children.

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11
Q

Define a blended/reconstituted family.

A

one or both parents w/ children from a previous relationship.

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12
Q

What family unit consists of an unmarried couple living together?

A

Cohabitiative

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13
Q

What is a communal family?

A

(AKA intentional community)
Group w/ common values who live together and share roles and resources.

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14
Q

Define a LGBTQ+ family.

A

Any of the above family types w/ an adult who identifies w/ LGBTQ+ community. Same sex partners, w/ or without children.

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15
Q

What type of family unit is made up by temporary or permanently adding children w/ no biological ties to the family.

A

Foster or adoptive

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16
Q

Define multi-cultural family.

A

2 or more cultures, races or ethnicities in the same family.

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17
Q

What conflicts might a multi-cultural family experience?

A

1) Religious conflicts
2) Difficulty agreeing where to live.
3) Prejudice from their community.

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18
Q

How might a family minimize the effects of a prejudice community?

A

By fostering positive feelings about one’s heritage.

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19
Q

What makes a multi-cultural family well-adapted?

A
  • Experience enriched environments
    1) Food
    2) Travel
    3) Holidays
    4) Music
    5) Dress
  • Embrace diversity
  • Respect others’ values and beliefs
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20
Q

Associated w/ families: What is expected from “physical sustenance”?

A

1) Providing food, clothing, shelter.
2) Economic stability or assistance from community sources aid in this.

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21
Q

What does a family protection you from?

A

1) Harm or injury (external forces).
- Discipline, role modeling, safety awareness.
2) Inherited or acquired illness (internal forces).
- Diet, exercise, immunization, health screening, genetic screening.

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22
Q

How does a family give nurturance/emotional support.

A

1) The family provides loving care and attention w/ unconditional acceptance.

2) Setting boundaries help a child feel more secure.

3) Early parent-child relationships affect emotional adjustment throughout life.

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23
Q

Health care workers must recognize the pt as a part of a family unit. This requires that nurses be familiar w/ the meanings of today’s family which is?

A
  • Functions
  • Types
  • Stages
  • Sizes
  • Patterns
  • Cultural issues
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24
Q

What goal is common to all families?

A

Monetary success

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25
Q

What is an advantage of early parenting?

A

More energy and fewer potential health problems

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26
Q

What is a characteristic of functional families?

A

The ability to foster growth and development

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27
Q

What is the primary socializing agent for children?

A

Family

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28
Q

The nurse advocates for secondary prevention of family violence by providing what?

A

Rehabilitation and education

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29
Q

To clarify the roles of members within a family, what question is best for a nurse to ask?

A

“Whom do you go to n the family when you need someone to talk to?”

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30
Q

True or False:
In the formal grandparenting role, discipline of the child is left to the parent.

A

True

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31
Q

The community health nurse is working w/ a family after one of its members experiences a major health crisis. The nurse records which signs of a health family?

A

1) There is frequent communication between the family members.
2) The family states they have plans to share caregiving.

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32
Q

The nurse is assigned to a new pt and learns that she and her family are recent immigrants to this country. In caring for the pt, how can the nurse best help the pt assimilate to her new environment?

A

Being culturally sensitive

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33
Q

What order may influence a child’s development?

A

Birth

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34
Q

Family violence exists in all social groups. Primary prevention is aimed at reducing the risk through what?

A

1) Teaching parenting skills
2) Rehabilitation after the abuse has occurred

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35
Q

Family function and socialization is where a kid learns what 3 things about socialization?

A

1) The rules of society
2) Communication
3) Acceptable behavior

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36
Q

When a family socializes, it teaches kids how to make meaningful what?

A

Connections w/ others

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37
Q

Where does education of children begin?

A

In the home

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38
Q

Family chooses what other institutions will help educate kids. What are some of these institutions?

A

1) Schools
2) Church
3) Community organizations (scouts/media).

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39
Q

What is the means by which the family survives through succeeding generations?

A

Reproduction

40
Q

What are arts and recreations good for kids?

A

1) Share fun times as well as work.
2) Children need “free time” to learn autonomy.
3) Experiencing “the arts” teaches cultural values and feeds the soul.

41
Q

Spiritual helps people find _____ in life and their personal value sysytem.

A

Meaning

42
Q

What 7 things make up a divers culture?

A

1) Race
2) Gender
3) Age
4) Religion
5) Sexual orientation
6) Disabilities/Physical characteristics
7) Socioeconomic statues

43
Q

How many stages can a family be in at a time?

A

One

44
Q

Do all families go through every stage?

A

No

45
Q

When does a new family begin?

A

When single adults become a couple.

46
Q

What is involved w/ a new family beginning?

A

1) Moving away from their “family of origin”.
2) Starting their “family of choice”.
3) Establishing bonds

47
Q

What does a new family need to adjust to?

A

New routines

48
Q

Describe the childbearing stage.

A

1) The arrival of a new baby forever changes the family.
2) Respect the uniqueness of each individual and each family.
3) Integrate baby into the family unit.
4) Establish childcare philosophy, both partners considering other’s philosophy.

49
Q

What does the family w/ children stage focus on?

A

Child development

50
Q

What are the concerns of a family w/ children?

A

Childcare
Injuries
Illnesses

51
Q

At what stage does a family have less time to nurture the couple’s relationship?

A

During the families w/children stage

52
Q

What are a families concerns when a child reaches adolescents?

A

Teen risk-taking behaviors.
- Substance abuse
- Stunts and rebelliousness
- Sexual promiscuity

53
Q

Define a sandwich generation.

A

Households where the middle generation is responsible for both raising their children and caring for their aging parents.

54
Q

What is Grown-child stage also called?

A

“empty nest syndrome” after the last child leaves home.

55
Q

What do parents focus shift to in the Grown-child stage?

A

Caring for each other.

56
Q

When does the Older Adult stage begin?

A

W/ retirement

57
Q

How does a person’s health change during Older Adult Stage?

A

1) Decreasing energy
2) Decline in memory
3) Risk for falls
4) Risk for loneliness

58
Q

Describe the parenting style called Authoritative/Democratic

A
  • Associated w/ positive outcomes.
  • Warm responsiveness
  • Firm-but-fair behavioral control
  • Parents guide children to become:
    1) Assertive
    2) Responsible
    3) Self-reliant
  • Children develop greater self-esteem through mutual respect.
59
Q

Name the 3 negative parenting styles

A

1) Authoritarian
2) Permissive/Indulgent
3) Uninvolved (neglectful)

60
Q

Describe a Authoritarian parting style.

A

1) High behavioral and psychological control
2) Low responsiveness
3) Parents make all the decisions
4) Rules are made without any input from child.
- Rigidly kept rules
- Enforced by punishment
5) Parents demand and expect respect from their off-spring.
6) Children tend to be distrustful and withdrawn.

61
Q

Define a permissive/indulgent parenting style.

A

1) Warm responsiveness
2) Freedom from psychological control and behavioral control.
3) Parents do not try to regulate or set limits on the family members.
4) Children often lack self-control and are less self-reliant and less explorative

62
Q

Define a uninvolved (neglectful) parenting style.

A

1) Parents meet their needs first, showing little or no commitment to parenting.
2) These parents are emotionally unattached.
3) Children are immature and often out of control.
4) Cool responsiveness w/ inadequate behavioral control.

63
Q

What are “boundaries”?

A

Systems applied by the family that affect how much (or little) outside influence is allowed.

64
Q

Define “closed boundaries”.

A

1) Isolated and self-contained
2) Keep in secrets/keep out others.

65
Q

Define “semi-permeable” boundaries.

A

1) Maintain appropriate privacy.
2) Secure sense of family identity
3) Allow interaction w/ outside world

66
Q

Describe “open” boundaries.

A

1) No boundaries at all.
2) Freely share family information without privacy concerns.
3) Welcomes outside influence.
- Family allows outside influences to provide for family functions not otherwise done inside the home.
- Often unengaged w/ meeting individual needs of family members.

67
Q

What are some common family stressors of a functional family?

A

1) Financial problems
2) Parenting conflicts
3) Illness
4) Lack of time
5) Outside pressures

68
Q

How does a functional family deal with problems?

A

1) Pull together to get through difficulties.
2) Seek outside support appropriately to maintain integrity of the family unit.

69
Q

What outside support might a functional family seek to help w/ stressors?

A

1) Counseling services
2) Community resources
3) Extended family

70
Q

What common stressors contributes to dysfunctional families?

A

1) Unemployment/low income
2) Young maternal age
3) Lack of education
4) Alcohol and drug use
5) Inadequate social support.

71
Q

What poor coping systems do dysfunctional families have?

A

1) Lack of discipline
2) Inconsistency

72
Q

What emotions are rarely expressed in a dysfunctional family?

A

1) Pleasure
2) Affection

73
Q

Dysfunction families have an increased risk of abusing what?

A

1) Physical abuse
2) sexual abuse
3) psychological abuse or neglect

74
Q

W/ socioeconomic factors, how does income influence opportunities?

A

1) Housing
2) Education
3) Nutrition

75
Q

How does poverty affect socioeconomic factors?

A

1) Leads to health and social problems
2) Less likely to seek preventive medical care.
3) More likely to visit emergency room w/ acute medical condition.

76
Q

What are some stressors for children associated w/ divorce?

A

1) Children may feel guilt and anxiety
2) Don’t put children in the middle of a feud.
3) Animosity exposes children to anger and depression.

77
Q

Why does violence affect children the most?

A

They model their behavior after what they witness.

78
Q

What are some of the family caregiver roles withing a healthcare team?

A

1) Provide care
2) support
3) pt advocacy

79
Q

Who takes part in an “interdisciplinary team”.

A

Physician
Nursing
Social worker
Family

80
Q

As part of the nursing assessment, what does she assess when it comes to the family?

A

1) Type
2) Stage
3) Parenting style
4) Coping skills
5) Relationships between family members
5) Family interactions
6) Family communication
7) Strengths
8) Potential or existing problems.
9) Roles of family members
10) Assess for community influences

81
Q

What does a nurse assess for when assessing family culture?

A

1) Cultural influences upon the family.
2) Adopt an open and inquisitive mindset to enrich knowledge of prevalent cultures in the hospital/community.
3) Be aware of implicit (unconscious) biases you may have towards differences.
4) Nursing code of ethics calls for nurses to “advance health and human rights and reduce disparities.”
5) Mindfulness technique (recognize feelings and focus on the values you wish to bring to the pt encounter).

82
Q

What are some Social Determinants of Health (SDOH).

A

1) Education: Anything above a high school diploma is not a barrier (but only having a high school diploma is a barrier).
2) Access to healthcare
3) Community/Neighborhood
4) Housing: Note the pt’s description of their home.
5) Social support
6) Family income/socioeconomic status.

83
Q

What are some barriers to pt treatment?

A

1) Lack of transportation
2) Financial difficulties.
3) Mistrust
4) Miscommunication
5) Religious concerns

84
Q

How does a nurse deal
w/ social determinants of health (SDOH).

A

1) Social conditions that affect health risk and outcomes.
2) Consider your pt’s social history
3) Determine if there are any factors which may create a barrier to healthcare.
4) Suggest follow-up care to eliminate potential barriers.

85
Q

What is the Structural-Functional Theory about?

A

It’s all about the outcomes.

86
Q

Structural-Functional Family Theory’s outcome focuses on the needs of what?

A

1) individual
2) Family
3) Society

87
Q

What is the Family Interactional/Group Theory about?

A

Its’ all about communication

88
Q

Describe the Family Interactional Theory.

A
  • The family is a unit of interacting personalities.
  • Emphasis on ROLES
  • The ideal is clear verbal communication which is congruent w/ nonverbal cues.
89
Q

What is the Family System Theory about?

A

It’s all about the process.

90
Q

According to the Family System Theory, what are a families interrelated elements?

A
  • Relationships
  • Interdependent
  • Subsystems (parents children).
  • Syprasystems (community, healthcare system).
91
Q

According to Family Systems Theory, how do families interact in patterns to maintain equilibrium?

A

Roles: Peacekeeper, Decision maker.

92
Q

How can a nurse facilitate communication.

A

1) Seek to understand the family’s unique situation and offer emotional support.
2) Invite them to share their health goals
3) Guide them towards healthy solutions
4) Offer to give them information
5) Help them feel supported and hopeful.

93
Q

What are some barriers to communication?

A

1) Misunderstanding concerning treatments and pt/family needs.
2) Closed family boundaries.
3) Open family boundaries.

94
Q

How might a family have closed boundaries?

A

Reluctance to share and receive information.

95
Q

How might a family have open boundaries?

A

Family support system becomes disengaged, deferring to healthcare services.

96
Q
A

1040 Principles of Nursing Across the Lifespan (9 decks)

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