UNIT 5: Chapter Eleven - 5.1 Pgs. 271-278 Flashcards
Agriculture
The process by which humans alter the landscape in order to raise crops and livestock for consumption and trade.
Climate
The long-term weather patterns in a region.
Subsistence Agriculture
The goal is to grow enough food or raise enough livestock to meet the immediate needs of the farmer and their family.
Commercial Agriculture
The goal is to grow enough crops or raise enough livestock to sell for profit.
Intensive
Practices in which farmers or ranchers use large amounts of inputs, such as energy, fertilizers, labor, or machines, to maximize yields.
Extensive
Practices that use fewer amounts of the inputs and typically result in less yields.
Capital
The money invested in land, equipment, and machines.
Pastoral Nomadism
Rely on animals for survival. These animals provide meat for food and hides for clothing and shelter.
Shifting Cultivation
A type of subsistent extensive farming where farmers grow crops on a piece of land for a year or two.
Plantation
A large commercial farm that specializes in one crop.
Mixed Crop and Livestock
An intensive commercial integrated system that demonstrates an interdependence between crops and animals.
Grain Farming
When farmers raise wheat when a region is too dry for mixed crop agriculture.
Commercial Gardening
Intensive farming where farmers grow fruits and vegetables to refrigerate and then sell.
Dairy Farming
The farming of milk from mother animals after giving birth.
Milk Shed
The geographic distance that milk is delivered.
