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Medical Terminology > Unit 5 - Chapter 11, Endocrine > Flashcards

Unit 5 - Chapter 11, Endocrine Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Acr/o

A

Extremities

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2
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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3
Q

Adren/o

A

Adrenal glands

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4
Q

Adrenal/o

A

Adrenal glands

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5
Q

Andr/o

A

Male

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6
Q

Calc/o

A

Calcium

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7
Q

Crin/o

A

To secrete

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8
Q

Estr/o

A

Female

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9
Q

Gluc/o

A

Glucose

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10
Q

Glyc/o

A

Sugar

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11
Q

Gonad/o

A

Sex glands

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12
Q

iod/o

A

Iodine

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13
Q

Kal/i

A

Potassium

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14
Q

Ket/o

A

Ketones

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15
Q

Mineral/o

A

Minerals, electrolytes

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16
Q

Natr/o

A

Sodium

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17
Q

Ovari/o

A

Ovary

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18
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

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19
Q

Parathyroid/o

A

Parathyroid gland

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20
Q

Pineal/o

A

Pineal gland

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21
Q

Pituit/o

A

Pituitary gland

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22
Q

Pituitar/o

A

Pituitary gland

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23
Q

Radi/o

A

Ray

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24
Q

Somat/o

A

Body

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25
Q

Testicul/o

A

Testes

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26
Q

Thym/o

A

Thymus gland

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27
Q

Thyr/o

A

Thyroid gland

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28
Q

Thyroid/o

A

Thyroid gland

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29
Q

Toxic/o

A

Poison

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30
Q

-dipsia

A

Thirst

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31
Q

-emic

A

Pertaining to a blood condition

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32
Q

-tropic

A

Pertaining to stimulating

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33
Q

-tropin

A

To stimulate

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34
Q

What hormones does adrenal cortex produce?

A

Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex, hormones

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35
Q

What hormones does adrenal medulla produce? 

A

Epinephrine (adrenaline), and norepinephrine

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36
Q

What hormones do ovaries produce?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

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37
Q

What hormones does pancreas produce?

A

Glucagon and insulin

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38
Q

What hormones do parathyroid glands produce?

A

Parathyroid hormone – calcium regulation

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39
Q

What hormone does pineal gland produce?

A

Melatonin – sleep cycles/circadian rhythm

40
Q

What hormones does anterior pituitary lobe produce?

A

Gonadotropins - FSH/LH,

Growth Hormone - GH,

Prolactin - milk prod,

Thyroid-stimulatinghormone,

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone - pigment production

adrenocorticotropic hormone - ACTH – secretion of adrenal cortex hormones

41
Q

What hormones does posterior pituitary lobe produce?

A

Antidiuretic hormone, oxytocin

42
Q

What hormone does thymus produce?

A

Thymosin – development of T cells/immune system

43
Q

What hormones does the thyroid gland produce?

A

T3/T4 - metabolism
calcitonin - calcium regulation

44
Q

Carcin/o

A

Cancer

45
Q

Chem/o

A

Drug

46
Q

Cortic/o

A

Outer layer

47
Q

Cyt/o

A

Cell

48
Q

Gynec/o

A

Female

49
Q

Immun/o

A

Protection

50
Q

Ket/o

A

Ketones

51
Q

Lapar/o

A

Abdomen

52
Q

Lob/o

A

Lobe

53
Q

Mast/o

A

Breast

54
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerve

55
Q

Ophthalm/o

A

Eye

56
Q

Or/o

A

Mouth

57
Q

Ovari/o

A

Ovary

58
Q

Radi/o

A

Radiation

59
Q

Retin/o

A

Retina

60
Q

Toxic/o

A

Poison

61
Q

-edema

A

Swelling

62
Q

-emia

A

Blood condition

63
Q

-emic

A

Pertaining to a blood condition

64
Q

-ism

A

State of

65
Q

-osis

A

Abnormal condition

66
Q

-prandial

A

Pertaining to a meal

67
Q

-uria

A

Urine condition

68
Q

Adjective form of adrenal gland

A

Adrenaline

69
Q

Adjective form of ovary

A

Ovarian

70
Q

Adjective form of pancreas

A

Pancreatic

71
Q

Adjective form of parathyroid

A

Parathyroidal

72
Q

Adjective form of pineal gland

A

Pineal

73
Q

Adjective form of pituitary gland

A

Pituitary

74
Q

Adjective form of testes

A

Testicular

75
Q

Adjective form of thymus gland

A

Thymic

76
Q

Adjective form of thyroid gland

A

Thyroidal

77
Q

Condition in which eyeballs protrude

A

Exophthalmos

78
Q

High level of sugar in urine

A

Glycosuria

79
Q

Development of breast tissue in males

A

Gynecomastia

80
Q

Excess amount of hair

A

Hirsutism

81
Q

High level of calcium in blood

A

Hypercalcemia

82
Q

High level of sugar in blood

A

Hyperglycemia

83
Q

High level of potassium in blood

A

Hyperkalemia

84
Q

Excess hormone secretion

A

Hypersecretion

85
Q

Low level of calcium in blood

A

Hypocalcemia

86
Q

Low level of sodium in blood

A

Hyponatremia

87
Q

Excessive thirst

A

Polydipsia

88
Q

Producing excess urine

A

Polyuria

89
Q

What is diabetes mellitus (DM)?

A

Type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance.

90
Q

Symptoms of T2DM?

A

Increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, and blurred vision

91
Q

What is Cushing disease?

A

Hypercortisolism - body makes too much cortisol.

92
Q

What is Addison’s disease?

A

Adrenal insufficiency, body doesn’t make enough cortisol.

93
Q

Acromegaly

A

Hypersecretion of HGH

94
Q

Adrenal feminization

A

Development of female secondary sex characteristics in a male

95
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

Tumor of adrenal medulla. Symptoms are anxiety, heart palpitations, Dyspnea, profuse sweating.

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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