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Medical Terminology > Unit 3 - Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

An/o

A

Anus

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2
Q

Append/o

A

Appendix

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3
Q

Appendic/o

A

Appendix

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4
Q

Bar/o

A

Weight

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5
Q

Bucc/o

A

Cheek

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6
Q

Cec/o

A

Cecum

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7
Q

Cholangi/o

A

Bile duct

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8
Q

Chol/e

A

Bile, gall

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9
Q

Cholecyst/o

A

Gallbladder

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10
Q

Choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct

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11
Q

Cirrh/o

A

Yellow

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12
Q

Col/o

A

Colon

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13
Q

Colon/o

A

Colon

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14
Q

Diverticul/o

A

Pouch

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15
Q

Duoden/o

A

Duodenum

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16
Q

Enter/o

A

Small intestine

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17
Q

Esophag/o

A

Esophagus

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18
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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19
Q

Gingiv/o

A

Gums

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20
Q

Gloss/o

A

Tongue

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21
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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22
Q

Ile/o

A

Ileum

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23
Q

Jejun/o

A

Jejunum

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24
Q

Labi/o

A

Lip

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25
Q

Lapar/o

A

Abdomen

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26
Q

Lingu/o

A

Tongue

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27
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

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28
Q

Odont /o

A

Tooth

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29
Q

Or/o

A

Mouth

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30
Q

Palat/o

A

Palate

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31
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

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32
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx

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33
Q

Proct/o

A

Anus and rectum

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34
Q

Pylor/o

A

Pylorus

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35
Q

Pyr/o

A

Fire

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36
Q

Rect/o

A

Rectum

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37
Q

Sialaden/o

A

Salivary gland

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38
Q

Sigmoid/o

A

Sigmoid colon

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39
Q

-emesis

A

Vomiting

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40
Q

-emetic

A

Pertaining to vomiting

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41
Q

-iatric

A

Pertaining to medical treatment

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42
Q

-istry

A

Specialty of

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43
Q

-lithiasis

A

Condition of stones

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44
Q

-orexia

A

Appetite

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45
Q

-pepsia

A

Digestion

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46
Q

-phagia

A

Eat, swallow

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47
Q

-prandial

A

Pertaining to a meal

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48
Q

-tripsy

A

Surgical crushing

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49
Q

6 organs of GI (alimentary canal/gastrointestinal) system, from mouth to anus:

A

Oral cavity
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine

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50
Q

4 accessory organs of digestion:

A

Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Salivary glands

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51
Q

3 main functions of digestive system:

A

Digesting food,
Absorbing nutrients,
Eliminating waste

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52
Q

2 functions of uvula:

A

Speech production and gag reflex

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53
Q

Teeth in the front of the mouth:

A

Cuspids (or canines) and incisors

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54
Q

Teeth in the back of the mouth:

A

Bicuspids (or premolars) and molars

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55
Q

2 parts of tooth

A

Crown and root

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56
Q

How is tooth root anchored in bony socket of jaw?

A

Cementum and periodontal ligaments.

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57
Q

What is tooth made of?

A

Enamel and dentin.

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58
Q

What is interior of tooth called?

A

Pulp cavity in crown and root canal in root

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59
Q

What are baby teeth called?

A

Deciduous teeth

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60
Q

How many deciduous teeth?

A

20

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61
Q

How many adult teeth?

62
Q

Where does food go first after it is swallowed?

A

Oropharynx, then laryngopharynx

63
Q

How long is esophagus?

64
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wavelike muscular movements in wall of digestive system tube (esophagus/stomach/small intestine/colon) that function to move food along tube

65
Q

3 parts of stomach:

A

Fundus
Body
Antrum

66
Q

Folds in stomach

67
Q

What is secreted by glands in mucous membrane lining of stomach?

A

Hydrochloride Acid (HCl)

68
Q

Chyme

A

Liquid mixture formed when food is mixed with HCl and other gastric juices

69
Q

2 stomach sphincters

A

Cardiac (upper)
Aka lower esophageal sphincter
Aka gastro-esophageal sphincter

And

Pyloric (lower)

70
Q

What projections increase the surface area of the small intestine to the size of a tennis court?

A

Villi and Microvilli

71
Q

Length and 3 sections of small intestine

A

20 feet,
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

72
Q

What sphincter connects ileum to colon?

A

Ileocecal Valve

73
Q

Length of large intestine and 4 parts?

A

5 feet long,
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
Anal canal

74
Q

4 parts of colon?

A

Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid

75
Q

Chewed food that is ready to be swallowed

76
Q

Digestive enzyme contained in saliva

77
Q

3 pairs of salivary glands:

A

Parotid - front of ears,
Submandibular - floor of mouth,
Sublingual - floor of mouth

78
Q

3 functions of liver

A

Process nutrients absorbed by intestines,
Detoxify,
Produce bile

79
Q

Emulsification

A

When bile breaks up large fat globules into smaller droplets, making them easier to digest inside watery intestines

80
Q

Where is bile stored

A

Gallbladder

81
Q

What ducts does bile go through after liver produces it?

A

Hepatic duct, cystic duct

82
Q

What happens when fat is detected in chyme?

A

Gallbladder sends bile back down cystic duct into common bile duct, and to duodenum

83
Q

What duct connects the pancreas to the duodenum?

A

Pancreatic duct

84
Q

What secretions does the pancreas produce?

A

Buffers (neutralize acid)
Pancreatic enzymes (digest fats, carbs, proteins)

85
Q

What hormones does pancreas produce?

A

Insulin and glucagon

86
Q

Pertaining to cheeks

87
Q

Pertaining to cheeks and lips

A

Buccolabial

88
Q

Pertaining to cecum

89
Q

Pertaining to gallbladder

A

Cholecystic

90
Q

Pertaining to colon

91
Q

Pertaining to colon and rectum

A

Colorectal

92
Q

Pertaining to gallbladder

93
Q

Pertaining to teeth

94
Q

Pertaining to duodenum

95
Q

Pertaining to small intestine

96
Q

Pertaining to esophagus

A

Esophageal

97
Q

Pertaining to stomach

98
Q

Pertaining to stomach and intestines

A

Gastrointestinal

99
Q

Pertaining to gums

100
Q

Pertaining to tongue

101
Q

Pertaining to liver

102
Q

Pertaining to under the tongue

A

Hypoglossal

103
Q

Pertaining to ileum

104
Q

Pertaining to ileum and cecum

105
Q

Pertaining to Jejunum

106
Q

Pertaining to lips

107
Q

Pertaining to tongue

108
Q

Pertaining to nose and stomach

A

Nasogastric

109
Q

Pertaining to mouth

110
Q

Pertaining to pancreas

A

Pancreatic

111
Q

Pertaining to around teeth

A

Periodontal

112
Q

Pertaining to pharynx

A

Pharyngeal

113
Q

Pertaining to pylorus

114
Q

Pertaining to rectum

115
Q

Pertaining to sigmoid colon

116
Q

Pertaining to under tongue

A

Sublingual

117
Q

Pertaining to under mandible

A

Submandibular

118
Q

Aphagia

A

Unable to swallow or eat

119
Q

Ascites

A

Accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity

120
Q

Bradypepsia

A

Slow digestive system

121
Q

Cachexia

A

Wasting due to chronic disease

122
Q

Cholecystalgia

A

Gallbladder pain

123
Q

Dentalgia

A

Tooth pain

124
Q

Dysorexia

A

Abnormal/diminished appetite

125
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Indigestion

126
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing/eating

127
Q

Emesis

128
Q

Eructation

129
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting blood

130
Q

Hematochezia

A

Pass bright red blood in stool

131
Q

Melena

A

Pass dark tarry stool

132
Q

Polyphagia

A

Excessive eating

133
Q

Postprandial

A

After meal

134
Q

Pyrosis

135
Q

Aphthous ulcers

A

Canker sores

136
Q

Dental Caries

A

Tooth cavity

137
Q

Herpes labialis

A

Cold sores

138
Q

Sialadenitis

A

Inflammation of salivary gland

139
Q

Esophageal varices

A

Swollen varicose veins in lower end of esophagus

140
Q

Pharyngoplegia

A

Paralysis of throat muscles

141
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Protrusion of stomach through diaphragm

142
Q

Diverticulitis

A

Inflsmmstion of outpouching off the gut

143
Q

Dysentery

A

Disease w diarrhea w mucus and blood, abdominal pain, fever, dehydration

144
Q

Ileus

A

Sever abdominal pain, can’t pass stool, vomiting, abdominal distension as result of intestinal blockage

145
Q

Inguinal hernia

A

Protrusion of loop of small intestine through weak spot in ab muscle wall

146
Q

Intussusception

A

Intestine slips into another section of intestine just below

147
Q

Polypoptosis

A

Presence of small tumors/polyps in lg intestine

148
Q

Proctoptosis

A

Prolapsed/drooping rectum and anus

149
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

IBD, chronic inflammatory condition, numerous ulcers formed on mucous membrane lining of colon

150
Q

Volvulus

A

Bowel twists upon itself

151
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of gallbladder

152
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Gallstones

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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