Unit 5 biology Proteins

Question 1

What do some proteins contain?

Answer 1

Sulphur

Question 2

What are the basic building blocks of protein?

Answer 2

Amino acids

Question 3

What does each amino acid have?

Answer 3

an amino group
a carboxyl group
a side chain

Question 4

What happens when two amino acids are combined by condensation?

Answer 4

Join tgt into dipeptide

Question 5

What is the link between two amino acids called?
(the link between the 2 amino acids, kinda like a line)

Answer 5

a peptide bond(can be broken down by hydrolysis

Question 6

What do you call a further addition of amino acids?

Answer 6

a polypeptide

Question 7

What is a polypeptide structure like?

Answer 7

Coils
Folded
in a specific way into a 3-dimensional structure
due to the attraction forces

Question 8

How many polypeptides does hemoglobin consist of?

Answer 8

4 polypeptides

Question 9

What does the unique shape of amino acids do?

Answer 9

The unique shape allows different proteins to perform different functions in our body

Question 10

what is the formation of a protein from polypeptides?

Answer 10

1. A polypeptide is formed by joining amino acids
2. The polypeptide coils and folds in a specific way into a 3D structure
3. The polypeptides may combine with other polypeptides to form a protein

Question 11

How many amino acids are the proteins in our body made up of?

Answer 11

20 amino acids

Question 12

How many can be produced in our body?

Answer 12

12

Question 13

What do you call amino acids found in our body?

Answer 13

Non-essential amino acids

Question 14

What do you call amino acids that you need to obtain from your diet?

Answer 14

Essential amino acids

Question 15

What is the first function of proteins?

Answer 15

For growth and repair

Question 16

How are proteins used for repair and growth?

Answer 16

They are used for the repair and growth of body tissues

Question 17

What is the second function of proteins?

Answer 17

To produce
enzymes
antibodies
haemoglobin
hormones

Question 18

What is the third function of proteins?

Answer 18

As an energy source

Question 19

How are proteins used as an energy source?

Answer 19

If the stored carbohydrates and fat in our body are used up
amino acids can be broken down and used as energy

Question 20

Give an example of when amino acids are used as an energy source.

Answer 20

Starvation

Question 21

How much does one gram of protein provide?

Answer 21

18.2kJ of energy
(almost the same as carbohydrates)
(half of the lipids)

Question 22

What may a lack of protein cause?

Answer 22

Deficiency disease

Question 23

Name and describe one disease

Answer 23

Kwashiorkor
children have a swollen abdomen because of the accumulation of tissue fluid.
(grow poorly and have weak muscles)

Question 24

How to test for proteins?

Answer 24

Albustix paper can be used to detect the proteins in food.