Unit 5 biology carbohydrates

Question 1

Name 3 examples of monosaccharide sugars

Answer 1

1:Glucose
2:Fructose
3:Galactose(dairy)

Question 2

What are disaccharides made of?

Answer 2

They consist of 2 monosaccharides

Question 3

Name 3 examples of Disaccharides

Answer 3

1:Maltose
2:Sucrose
3:Lactose

Question 4

What is Maltose composed of?

Answer 4

2 Glucose molecules

Question 5

What is Sucrose composed of?

Answer 5

1 Glucose and 1 Fructose molecule

Question 6

What is Lactose composed of?

Answer 6

1 Glucose and 1 Galactose molecule

Question 7

Which sugars are reducing sugars?

Answer 7

All monosaccharides and Disaccharides EXCEPT Sucrose

Question 8

What do Polysaccharides consist of?

Answer 8

Multiple monosaccharides

Question 9

Name 3 examples of polysaccharides
and what they are made up of

Answer 9

1:Startch
2:Glycogen
3:Cellulose
they are all made up of glucose molecules (just arranged in diff ways)

Question 10

Which polysaccharide is the major storage form of carbohydrates in plants?

Answer 10

Starch (rice, wheat, potatoes, taro)

Question 11

Which polysaccharide is the major storage form of carbohydrates in animals?

Answer 11

Glycogen (liver and muscles)(not in plants)

Question 12

What is Cellulose the major component of?

Answer 12

Plant cell wall

Question 13

What is one function of carbohydrates?

Answer 13

The main source of energy for body activities

Question 14

How are monosaccharides absorbed?

Answer 14

When they are taken into the body they are directly absorbed and used to provide energy
(glucose broken down in respiration to release energy)

Question 15

How are disaccharides and starch absorbed?

Answer 15

They are broken down into monosaccharides to be absorbed

Question 16

What is the second function of carbohydrates?

Answer 16

Used as energy reserves

Question 17

What happens when excess carbohydrates are taken in?

Answer 17

Some convert into glycogen in the liver or muscles and are stored as energy reserves (glycogen is broken down into glucose to provide energy)

Question 18

What is the third function of carbohydrates?

Answer 18

As a source of dietary fibre

Question 19

Which polysaccharide can’t be digested in our body?

Answer 19

Cellulose (an important source of dietary fiber that keeps us healthy)

Question 20

How to test for glucose?

Answer 20

Using glucose testing paper aka Diastix paper
change of color will show if glucose is present
(blue/green/pink–>purple)

Question 21

How to test for reducing sugars?

Answer 21

The Benedict’s test
1. equal amount of Benedict’s solution
2. boil it
3. brick-red precipitate indicates the presence of reducing sugars
(compare the amount of reducing sugars by the amount of precipitate formed)

Question 22

How to test for starch?

Answer 22

Iodine test
iodine solution
changes colors from brown to blue-black if starch is present