Unit 5 Flashcards
What are the advantages of IPM?
Cheap, fewer chemicals
What are the disadvantages of IPM?
Integrating new pests could lead to non garget species being eaten, not as effective as pesticides, time consuming
What are the methods of IPM?
- Observing
- Monitor
- Take action (biological, chemical, physical)
What is Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY)? How and why it has been exceeded for a number of different resources?
Most sustainable level of harvest. Where the slope is the highest when graphed. It is often exceeded for reasons such as ecomonic pressures, bycatch and lack of regulation.
How does urbanization impact the landscape and natural systems?
The expanding of an urban area. Takes away habitat and trees. Leads to more runoff. Urban sprawl created urban blight - positive feedback loop
What is the drip method and its advantages/disadvantages?
Used to target plants in soil that is more permeable. Good water conservation, improved plant health, reduced weed growth, and adaptability to uneven terrain. However it has potential for clogging, higher initial installation costs, and the need for regular maintenance to ensure proper functioning
What is the flood method and its advantages/disadvantages?
Process of flooding fields to irrigate crops. Used when soil is less permeable such as clay. Cheap but leads to water loss.
What is the spray method and its advantages/disadvantages?
Spray irrigation is the method of spraying the plants to water them. Great for flat surfaces and row crop. Efficient but expensive.
What is furrow irrigation and its advantages/disadvantages
Furrow irrigation it the use of ditched full of water next to crops. Good for row crops on soil with less permeability. Cheap, however a lot of labor and bad on soil with more permeability.
How can the genetic resistance to pests and diseases be increased in a crop plant?
GMO’s
What are some of the positive and negative results of the latest Green Revolution?
The green revolution is the growing of more crops, faster, and of higher quality. However, it can have negative affects on the soil and water with the use of fertilizer and pestisides
What does the presence of fecal coliform indicate about the quality of a water body?
Coliform is a indicator that E. Coli is present in water
What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of Aquaculture?
We can grow a lot of high quality of protein in a short amount of time in little space. However, there a high risk of disease spreading, water pollution, and difficulty managing waste
What are some of the chemicals used to extract the gold?
Cyanide
What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?
CO2
What is the chemical formula for water vapor?
H2O
What is the chemical formula for methane?
CH4
How is water used, as a percentage of total water use, on a global scale?
70% Agriculture
20% Industry
10% Domestic use
How can soil salinization be corrected?
The salty soil can be removed, or the fields can be flooded to remove it down to the subsoil
What is the root cause of all of the environmental challenges facing the Earth?
Human - too many and we are doing things unsustainably
What is paddy rice cultivation and how does it works. What are some negative environmental effects?
Rice plants are covered in a layer of water during their grow period. This method leads to air not being able to get down to the bottom which leads to methane being produced and released into the atmosphere.
What is a target species?
The pest that we are trying to control
What is the definition of mitigation?
Means to make something better. Proactive
EX) building a dam to prevent flooding
What is the definition of remediation?
Means to fix something. Reactive
EX) removing containment in an enviorment
What is a Control Species?
The predator that we introduce to control the target species
What is a Pesticide Treadmill?
The cycle of the introduction of new pesticide and the pest becoming resistance and then repeat.
What is Gray Water?
Waste water from a house or a building (sinks/showers) however it is separating from the black water from toilets. Which means it can be used for irrigation.
What is Saltwater Intrusion?
The process by which saltwater contaminates freshwater aquifers and groundwater, which can impact drinking water sources and other areas
