unit 5

Question 1

what is photosynthesis?

Answer 1

process by which plants (autotrophs) trap the energy from the sun and store this energy in molecules such as carbohydrates (sugar)

Question 2

what kind of energy do autotrophs transform into chemical energy?

Answer 2

light (radiant)

Question 3

what kind of energy do autotrophs get transforming light (radiant) energy?

Answer 3

chemical

Question 4

where is the chemical reaction stored?

Answer 4

the chemical energy is stored in the bonds of carbohydrates

Question 5

photosynthesis is how plants make their own ______

Answer 5

food

Question 6

where is chlorophyll found?

Answer 6

in the chloroplasts of green plants (plant kingdom) and Protista Kingdom (algae)

Question 7

where is chlorophyll is also loose?

Answer 7

chlorophyll is also loose in the cytoplasm of autotrophic bacteria (bacteria kingdom)

Question 8

each chloroplasts has a series of membranes called what?

Answer 8

thylakoids

Question 9

thylakoids contain what kind of pigment?

Answer 9

chlorophyll

Question 10

what is the stroma?

Answer 10

the fluid-filled space outside the thylakoids

Question 11

what does a thylakoid look like?

Answer 11

a thylakoid looks like a pancake, granum looks like a stack of pancakes, and these are in the surrounding stroma that is like syrup

Question 12

stage 1 of photosynthesis (light-dependent reactions)–

Answer 12

sunlight is used to split water into hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), this is called photolysis. the oxygen is released into the atmosphere

Question 12

how many stages of photosynthesis are there and what are they called?

Answer 12

there are two, stage 1; light dependent reactions, and stage 2; light independent reactions

Question 13

what is photolysis?

Answer 13

sunlight is used to split water into hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), this takes place in the thylakoid

Question 14

stage 2 of photosynthesis (light-independent reactions, also called Calvin cycle)–

Answer 14

it is called light-independent because it does not need light, and it takes place in the stroma

Question 15

CO2 combines with the hydrogen (H) and is released during which stage of photosynthesis?

Answer 15

in stage 1 to form C6H1206 (sugars)

Question 16

what affects the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 16

amount/intensity of:
sunlight/light
CO2
H2O
temperature

Question 17

all reactions of photosynthesis are controlled by _________

Answer 17

enzymes

Question 18

what happens to chemical reactions if the temperature is above or below the optimum temperature?

Answer 18

temperatures above or below the optimum temperature will slow down the chemical reactions

Question 19

what are pigments?

Answer 19

pigments are molecules that absorb specific wavelengths (energies) of light and reflect all others

Question 20

chlorophyll is the main molecule in charge of doing mainly what?

Answer 20

chlorophyll is the main molecule in charge of capturing the energy from sunlight and it is green

Question 21

do plants absorb green light?

Answer 21

no (not much), plants look green because green wavelengths of light are reflected

Question 22

what kind of pores do leaves contain?

Answer 22

stomata that open to allow for gas exchange, most stomata are on underside of leaves

Question 23

what gas can diffuse out of the leaf into the atmosphere?

Answer 23

O2 (oxygen)

Question 24

what gas can diffuse into the leaf from the atmosphere?

Answer 24

CO2 (carbon dioxide)

Question 25

H2O gas (water vapor) can evaporate out (___________)

Answer 25

transpiration