Unit 5 Flashcards
What age is gender identity determined
~3
Once kids start to loosen their ideas on gender, what do girls tend to do? How is this different from what happens to boys?
What does this mean?
They start to counter feminine expectations and do not encounter much resistance. They may even gain popularity. Boys on the other hand, are more likely to experience rejection from there peers.
This means that kids as young as 6 must have an understanding of gender expectations and the fact that masculinity is more highly valued by femininity.
What is Gender Constancy?
The sense that gender identity is constant and thus won’t change based on a person’s behaviours.
How young can transness be expressed?
As young as 2
What is Gender Schema?
A mental representation of the concept of gender. It includes assumptions about how ppl of different genders should think, feel and act.
What is the gender schema for kids 3-5 like?
Relatively inflexible and binary (regardless if the kid is cis or trans)
What affects Gender Schema? define it.
Gender Socialization. The process by which ppl internalize social expectations and attitudes associated with their perceived gender
What are the sources of gender socialization?
The media, toys, words used to describe the children, colours attributed to the children, parental expectations, peers
How do parents specifically affect gender socialization of their children?
-Expect kids to do chores based on gender stereotypes
-Allow risks based on gender
-Estimate physical capabilities based on gender
When do kids develop their sense of self (pass the mirror test)
~18 months (culture-dependent)
What do you need to have a sense of gender?
A sense of self
What task does Piaget use to show if a kid has theory of mind?
The False-belief task
What test breaks Piaget’s theory that kids don’t develop theory of mind until they can pass the false belief task?
why does it do this?
The preference test shows that kids as young as 18 months have an idea of other ppl’s preferences even tho they don’t pass the false-belief task. This is bc they may know things that they cannot conciously report.
What is the generally accepted theory abt theory of mind development?
It develops over time and reaches full mastery (kids can explicitly understand and describe it) at around 5
What is theory of mind
An understanding that all ppl have minds that represent the world in different ways and that these representations can explain and predict how these ppl will behave.
What is Egocentrism?
Difficulty with thinking about how things are perceived by other ppl or how they affect other ppl.
Around what age do kids experience Egocentrism?
2-7 (Preoperational stage)
What demonstrates egocentrism?
Failure of the False-belief task
What is the conservation task
Task that asks kids to understand the law of conservation.
An example would be the task where kids are asked which of two differently shaped glasses has more water.
Why do kids in the concrete operational stage (7-12) pass Piaget’s conservation task?
They can understand 2 aspects of objects at the same time and/or have the ability to mentally move the water between the glasses.
