UNIT 5 Flashcards
Modern Campaign
More sophisticated that premodern campaigns. Public opinion polling is used to provide basic information needed to develop specific campaign strategies. Use of professional consultants largely determine how the campaign is conducted and types of appeals made to voters. Use of television and photo ops, and tend to downplay political party affilations.
Postmodern Campaign
Encompasses many new forms of communication to allow a return of more interactive and personalized styles of political communication. Use of television, social media, email, and telemarketing techinqiues are used to direct specific messages to targeted groups.
Premodern Campaign
Ran until the 1960’s. Involved considerable personal contact with the voters and campaigning was largely localized. Party volunteers would canvas their neighbourhoods looking for support.
Candidates
Candidates are the individuals that have chosen to attempt to represent a portion of a countries population within its legislature, or as a leading figure within municipal or provincial governments.
Electoral System
The system used to translate the votes that people cast into the composition of the legislature and the selection of the government.
Majoritarian Electoral System
A majoritarian electoral system is a voting method in which candidates or parties that receive the most votes win.
Proportional Representation Electoral System
n electoral system in which the proportion of seats a party receives in the legislature reflects the proportion of votes it has obtained.
Single Member Plurality Electoral System
An electoral system in which voters in each electoral district elect a single representative to the legislature
Brokerage Party
A party that attempts to find compromises to accommodate a variety of interests so as to try to build broad support across the country in an non-ideological manner
Cadre Party
A loosely organized party usually established by members of a legislative body with the support of local notables.
Catch-all Party
A political party that seeks to appeal to a broad and diverse range of voters by adopting a flexible and inclusive platform.
Extra-Parliamentary Body
Is a political party that is not represented in the country’s legislative body.
Mass Party
A mass that draws its support from a regular due-paying membership and features a strong party organization outside of the legislature.
Parliamentary party
Is a party that has one or more members who hold seats in the country’s legislative body.
Personalistic Party
This type of party is dominated by a powerful leader combined with a weak party organization that follows the wishes of that leader.
Political Party
an organization that has a central role in the competition for political power in legislative bodies and in governing.
Programmatic Party
A party that has a distinct ideological perspective or a coherent set of policy goals that are followed consistently over time.
Party Caucus
A close door meeting of the party’s parliamentary members
Party Convention
Regular meetings of elected delegates of the party.
Party System
Refers to the structure and configuration of political parties within a particular country or political entity
Multi-Party, Party System
Three or more parties have significant representation in the legislature
One party dominant system
One party governs for a lengthy period of time because the opposition is divided among the number of parties.
Two-Party Dominant System
In this system there are two leading parties with 75-80% of the seats, but one or more smaller parties has sufficient support to prevent either of the leading parties from gaining a majority of seats.
Preferential Vote
This is a voting system in which voters rank the candidates in order of preference.
Single Transferable Vote
A voting method in which voters rank their preferences for candidates in a multimember electoral district. Candidates who receive a certain proportion of the vote are declared elected. The second preference of a voter that is surplus to what that winning candidate needs is then transferred to that voter’s second preference candidate.
Voting Behaviour
Voting behaviour is the pattern and observable trends of voting preference that can be recorded over a period of time. There are both short term factors (ex: the circumstances of an election), and long term predispositions to take into account when attempt to understand this.
