Unit 2 Flashcards
Conservatism
A perspective or ideology that emphasizes the values of order, stability, respect for authority, and tradition, based on a view that humans are inherently imperfect, with a limited capacity to reason
Economic Conservatism
This refers to an ideology that emphasizes limited government intervention in the economy, free markets, and individual economic freedom. Generally in support of low taxes, deregulation, and the promotion of private enterprise.
Moderate Conservatism
This represents a more centrist or pragmatic approach within the conservative political spectrum. There is usually advocacy for balance between traditional values and progressive reforms. Central idea is incremental change.
Neo-Conservatism
Neo-conservatism, in a nutshell, is a political ideology characterized by a blend of conservative principles and a proactive approach to foreign policy. It often advocates for a robust military presence, promotes democracy promotion, and prioritizes national interests.
Reactionary Conservatism
This ideology seeks to restore traditional social hierarchies, values, and institutions by opposing social and political changes associated with liberalism or other progressive movements.
Corporate State
A system associated with fascist Italy in which business and labor work harmoniously to achieve goals established by the state to advance the good of the nation.
Fascism
An ideology that combines an aggressive form of nationalism with a strong belief in the naturalness of inequality and opposition to both liberal democracy and communism.
Neo-Fascism
Refers to contemporary movements or ideologies that draw inspiration from historical fascist movements of the 20th century. These ideologies promote authoritarianism, ultranationalism, xenophobia, racism, and the suppression of dissent.
General Will
The concept of the general will, associated with political philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, refers to the collective will or common interest of a community. It suggests that in a just society, political decisions should reflect the general will rather than the interests of specific groups or individuals.
The Harm Principle
Purposed by John Stuart Mill, and it states that the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over individuals is to prevent harm to others. It argues for individual freedom as long as ones actions do not cause harm to others.
Historic Materialism
Historical materialism is a concept developed by Karl Marx, positing that social and economic structures shape human history. It asserts that material conditions, such as technology, production, and class relations, drive societal changes.
Ideology
An ideology is a set of beliefs, values, or principles that form the basis of a political, economic, or social system. It often provides a framework for understanding the world and guides individuals or groups in their actions and decision-making.
Political Ideology
A political ideology is a set of beliefs, values, and principles that guide political thought and action. It is a framework for understanding and addressing societal issues, as well as shaping views of governance, economics, social policies, and other aspects of politics.
Worldview Ideology
Refers to a system of culturally embedded beliefs and philosophically derived ideas that provide individuals and groups with a generally comprehensive, cohesive, coherent, and internally consistent basis for perceiving and understanding social “reality”. EX: Socialism, liberalism
Classical Liberalism
A form of liberalism that views government as having the limited purposes of protecting life, liberty, and property.