Unit 5

Question 1

This purchase was one of Jefferson’s most important episodes as president. He bought this piece of land from the French.

Answer 1

the Louisiana Territory

Question 2

Even before the treaty had become final, Jefferson sent these explorers to survey the area.

Answer 2

Lewis and Clark

Question 3

The Supreme Court also made history in its decision in this case.

Answer 3

Marbury v. Madison

Question 4

During his last weeks in office, anticipating the takeover of Jefferson and the republicans, President John Adams appointed a large number of federal judge- the so called ?

Answer 4

Midnight appointments

Question 5

William Marbury, who had been appointed to judgeship, sued the government for his position and the case appeared before the supreme court with this Chief Justice.

Answer 5

John Marshall

Question 6

Marshall’s great victory was to secure for the Supreme Court the precedent of passing judgment on a law’s constitutionality, known as ?, which refutes the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.

Answer 6

Judicial Review

Question 7

One problem involved this group off the northern coast of Africa.

Answer 7

Barbary Pirates

Question 8

In 1807, this U.S Ship was fired upon and then boarded by a British ship searching for “deserters.”

Answer 8

the Chesapeake

Question 9

In addition, Napoleon attempted to blockade the coast of Europe to cut off all british trade, and in a series of decrees (the ? 1806 and the ?? 1807) proclaimed that any ship trading with Britain would be subject to seizure by the French.

Answer 9

?- Berlin Decree

??- Milan Decree

Question 10

The British responded in 1807 with this, which threatened the same to ships trading with the continent.

Answer 10

Orders in Council

Question 11

This forbade any American ship to sail to any foreign port.

Answer 11

the Embargo Act of 1807

Question 12

In 1809, congress repealed the Embargo Act and replaced it with this, which merely forbade trade with France and Britain.

Answer 12

Nonintercourse Act

Question 13

In 1809, this man replaced Jefferson as president.

Answer 13

James Madison

Question 14

in 1810, in an attempt to satisfy American shippers hurt by the nonintercourse act, Congress passed this which opened all of europe to American merchants.

Answer 14

Macon’s Bill #2

Question 15

The congressional election of 1810 brought to office a group of congressmen who became known as ?

Answer 15

War Hawks

Question 16

? from Kentucky and ?? of South Carolina were prominent among the War Hawks. They thought war would give them Canada.

Answer 16

?- Henry Clay

??- John C. Calhoun

Question 17

Led by this Shawnee Chief, tribes from Florida and upper Missouri had banded together to oppose further white expansion into lands guaranteed to the Indians by the treaty.

Answer 17

Tecumseh

Question 18

In 1811, this man was able to inflict a serious defeat on Tecumseh’s forces at ? (fought while Tecumseh himself was absent.

Answer 18

Gov. William Henry Harrison

?- Battle of Tippecanoe

Question 19

In 1813, American forces under this man defeated the British Naval forces on Lake Erie, permitting Gen. Harrison to raid Toronto and burn the Parliament buildings.

Answer 19

Capt. Oliver Perry

Question 20

The British were unsuccessful in their attempts to capture Fort McHenry. (During this attack, this man wrote “the Star Spangled Banner”)

Answer 20

Francis Scott Key

Question 21

In 1814, representatives from five New England states met at this.

Answer 21

the Hartford Convention

Question 22

They sent a delegation to Washington with a report calling for certain changes in the Constitution, including limiting a president to a single term, prohibiting successive presidents from the same state (aimed at this: Washington, Jefferson, Madison, and later Monroe), eliminating the Three-Fifths compromise, and supporting the concept of nullification.

Answer 22

Virginia Dynasty

Question 23

However, by the time the delegation arrived in Washington early in 1815, news of this man’s victory at New Orleans had arrived. a wave of patriotic feeling was sweeping the capital, and the New Englanders never formally delivered their report.

Answer 23

Andrew Jackson

Question 24

In 1813, Francis Cabot Lowell formed the Boston Manufacturing company and, building upon the British example, he and his associates quickly extended the ? of large scale factory production to new areas of Massachusetts.

Answer 24

Waltham System

Question 25

In 1815, president Madison sent to Congress a set of proposals that Henry Clay termed this. Included in these were the following:

• funding for a strong national defense, including new frigates for the navy, a standing army, and federal control over state militias
• a protective tariff, designed largely to protect industries
• federal funds for roads and canals (internal improvements)
• the establishment of a ? (the first having expired in 1811)

Answer 25

American System

?-a Second National Bank

Question 26

However, Madison then vetoed this, sponsored by John Calhoun, which provided funds to build roads and canals in the south, because he had come to feel that it was unconstitutional for the national government to spend money for projects wholly within a single state.

Answer 26

the Bonus Bill

Question 27

On the international scene, in 1817, the U.S. and Great Britain signed this which provided that neither country would fortify the great lakes region, a principle eventually (1872) applied to the entire border between U.S. and Canada.

Answer 27

Rush-Bagot Agreement

Question 28

After James Monroe was elected president in 1818, the U.S. and Spain signed this (1819) wherein Spain gave up her claims to Florida.

Answer 28

Adams-Onis treaty

Question 29

After hesitating and consulting his cabinet, especially this Secretary of State, President Monroe demanded that Spain either control the Indians or sell Florida to the U.S.

Answer 29

John Quincy Adams

Question 30

The Adams-Onis Treaty also set a boundary between Spanish Territory and any territory the U.S. might subsequently acquire all the way to the Pacific Ocean. It is therefore sometimes called this.

Answer 30

Transcontinental Treaty

Question 31

In this case, the court prohibited New Hampshire from modifying the charter that established Dartmouth College.

Answer 31

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

Question 32

More important was the decision in this case. The state of Maryland, attempting to defend it’s own banking industry, placed a tax on out-of-state banks doing business within the state; the second national bank was the only such institution.

Answer 32

McCulloch v. Maryland

Question 33

Henry Clay ultimately devised this, whereby the territory of Maine was separated from Massachusetts and granted statehood at the same time as Missouri, which came in as a slave state.

Answer 33

the Missouri Compromise

Question 34

The Supreme Court considered whether an individual state could pass laws affecting interstate trade in this case, which dealt with a New York law granting a steamship monopoly on the Hudson River. The court decided that only the national government had such authority.

Answer 34

Gibbons v. Ogden

Question 35

With the fall of Napoleon, conservative European leaders organized into this.

Answer 35

Quadruple Alliance

Question 36

To forestall any such attempt, in 1824 Monroe issued a declaration that became known as this, though it was largely the work of John Quincy Adams. In it he declared that:

• The western hemisphere was no longer open to colonization
• any attempt to undermine existing governments in the hemisphere would be regarded as a hostile act toward the U.S.
• the U.S. would not intervene in European affairs and expected European nations to avoid involvement in the American hemisphere.

Answer 36

the Monroe Doctrine

Question 37

When it came time for this, there was no formal opposition to the republican party, but the party had no single leader either.

Answer 37

election of 1824

Question 38

Jackson’s supporters cried that a ? had been struck between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay during the election.

Answer 38

a Corrupt Bargain

Question 39

The tariff of 1828 quickly became known as ?, which raised the level of tariffs to a new high. This appears to have been passed with the expectation that Adams would have to veto it because its rates were so steep, which would cost Adams northern support.

Answer 39

Tariff of Abominations

Question 40

In several ways, this can be regarded as the first modern election.

Answer 40

Election of 1828

Question 41

Written ballots, which were easier to use, were introduced, and this, whereby candidates were selected in private meeting of politicians, was replaced with the system of more open convention.

Answer 41

Caucus System

Question 42

In reaction to the tariff of 1828, John Calhoun anonymously wrote this, in which he set forth in formal terms the theory of “nullification.”

Answer 42

South Carolina Exposition and Protest

Question 43

The Calhoun brought up was brought to national attention in 1829 when Senator Samuel Foote suggested that the sale of lands in the west be curtailed. What was this resolution called?

Answer 43

Foote Resolution

Question 44

In 1830, the issue brought up by Calhoun and Foote led to this on the Senate Floor.

Answer 44

Webster-Hayne Debate

Question 45

This senator countered Hayne’s debate with a formal repudiation of nullification for the chaos it would cause the union.

Answer 45

Daniel Webster

Question 46

Simultaneously, Congress voted for this, which authorized the president to use federal troops to enforce the federal law.

Answer 46

the Force Bill

Question 47

After he took office, Jackson followed a controversial practice known as ?- the policy of assigning government offices to one’s supporters.

Answer 47

Spoils System

Question 48

However, in this case (1831), the supreme court ruled that the Cherokees were a “domestic, dependent nation” and entitled to the land they held, within Georgia and elsewhere.

Answer 48

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia

Question 49

Beginning in 1838, the Indians were driven to new reservations in the Oklahoma territory. So many Indians perished on the trip that it became known as this.

Answer 49

The Trail of Tears

Question 50

In 1831, a black Virginia preacher, ?, led an unsuccessful slave uprising in which many, both white and black, died.

Answer 50

Nat Turner

Question 51

This year also saw the beginning of this, with the publication of ?’s paper, the ??, in Boston.

Answer 51

Abolitionist Movement
?- William Lloyd Garrison’s
??- The Liberator

Question 52

The movement Garrison starts gained support from others including these sisters.

Answer 52

Angelina and Sarah Grimke

Question 53

Jackson then deposited these funds in various ? around the country.

Answer 53

Pet Banks

Question 54

Fearful of growing trends toward speculation and debt, Jackson issued this, which required that all lands purchased form the national government had to be paid for with gold or silver, rather than paper currency.

Answer 54

Specie Circular

Question 55

Also in 1836, the House of Reps passed a measure, ?, that forbade discussion of any petitions hostile to slavery.

Answer 55

the Gag Laws

Question 56

In this, Martin Van Buren, Jackson’s hand picked candidate, was elected president.

Answer 56

Election of 1836

Question 57

Van Buren was immediately faced with the financial ?, brought on in part by the specie circular, which quickly grew into a full scale depression.

Answer 57

Panic of 1837

Question 58

This ? was significant not only for the modern style of its public image making, but also because the Whigs, to the frustration of the Democrats, won by putting aside social elitism and openly courting “the common man.”

Answer 58

Election of 1836