Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

earth and environmental > unit 5 > Flashcards

unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

what are igneous rocks?

A

rocks formed by the cooling of magma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are sedimentary rocks?

A

rocks that are formed when sediments are cemented together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are processes that make sediment into sedimentary rock?

A

weathering, erosion, deposition, lithification, cementation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is metamorphic rock?

A

existing rocks that are changed by heat or pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are convergent boundaries?

A

plates moving together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are collision convergent boundaries?

A

two continents converging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is created during collision convergent boundaries?

A

mountains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are subduction convergent boundaries?

A

two plates moving together and the denser plate subducts into the mantle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is created at an ocean to ocean subduction convergent boundary?

A

deep sea trenches and volcanic islands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is created at a continental-to-continental convergent boundary?

A

deep sea trenches, mountain ranges, volcanoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are divergent boundaries?

A

when plates move away from each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is created at ocean to ocean divergent plates?

A

mid-ocean ridges, seafloor spreading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is created at continental-to-continental divergent boundaries?

A

valleys and volcanoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is pyroclastic flow?

A

cloud of volcanic gas, dust and tephra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a caldera?

A

a large depression that forms when a volcano collapses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is lahar?

A

volcanic debris within mud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is a vent?

A

the opening where lava erupts from a volcano

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is viscosity?

A

resistance of a liquid substance to flow (thickness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a shield volcano?

A

biggest volcano, broad-gentle slopes, non-explosive erupts, contains basaltic magma

20
Q

what is a cinder-cone volcano?

A

smallest volcano, small and steep sides, ejected material piled high, explosive eruptions contains rhyolitic magma

21
Q

what is a composite volcano?

A

layers of lava with fragments, large mountain, violent eruptions, contains andesitic magma

22
Q

what is basaltic magma?

A

forms shield volcanoes, forms in the upper mantle, low viscosity, quiet explosion

23
Q

what is rhyolitic magma?

A

forms cinder-cone volcanoes, high viscosity, high explosiveness

24
Q

what is andesitic magma?

A

forms in subduction zones, intermediate viscosity, intermediate explosiveness

25
Q

what is the crust?

A

the thinnest, outermost solid layer of earth

26
Q

what is the mantle?

A

the thickest zone making up of 2/3 of earth’s mass

27
Q

what is the lithosphere?

A

a solid layer made up of the upper mantle and the lower crust

28
Q

what is the asthenosphere?

A

a flexible layer made up of the upper mantle

29
Q

what is the core made of?

A

nickel and iron

30
Q

what is the outer core?

A

a dense liquid layer that s waves can’t pass through

31
Q

what is the inner core?

A

the dense, solid core

32
Q

what is force?

A

any push or pull

33
Q

what is stress?

A

force

34
Q

what is strain?

A

bend

35
Q

what are the three type of faults?

A

normal faults, reverse faults, strike-slip faults

36
Q

what are normal faults?

A

the rock moves up and down, occurs at divergent boundaries

37
Q

what happens at reverse faults?

A

rock above the fault moves up, occur at convergent boundaries

38
Q

what happens at the strike-slip fault?

A

rock move away from each other, occur at transform boundaries

39
Q

what is seismology?

A

the study of earthquakes

40
Q

what is a focus-point?

A

the underground point where an earthquake originates

41
Q

what is the epicenter?

A

the point on the earth’s surface above the focus

42
Q

where does compression occur?

A

convergent boundaries with reverse faults

43
Q

where does tension occur?

A

divergent boundaries with normal faults

44
Q

where does shear occur?

A

transform boundaries with strike-slip faults

45
Q

what are primary waves?

A

the fastest seismic waves that can travel through liquids, solids, and inbetween

46
Q

what are secondary waves?

A

slower waves, particles move perpendicular to the waves

47
Q

what are long waves?

A

seismic waves that move in circles and travel along earth’s surface creating the most damage

earth and environmental (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions