Unit 5 Flashcards
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
The KKK terrorized African Americans and whites who supported equality
Segregation
the action or state of setting someone or something apart from others.
De jure segregation
Segregation by law
Segregation in public places including
Schools
Restaurants _______________
Railroad cars
water fountains
Black Codes
Laws passed from state to state to keep former slaves dependent on white people.
Carpetbaggers
People from the North moved to the South to help
Jim Crow laws
African-Americans and white people had to be separated
Lynching
Illegal hanging
racially motivated murder
Sharecroppers
instead of working for money, farmers worked for a share in the landowners’ crop. (keeping former slaves/African-Americans poor)
Voting Rights Act 0f 1965
Outlaw of literacy_______________ test
Racial minorities right to vote
Prohibition of voting discrimination
Literacy Tests
Test given to anyone without a fifth grade education (usually poor whites and African-Americans) so they could vote
One wrong answer, a person could not vote
Another way to stop African-Americans from voting
Continued into the 1960’s
Poll Tax
A tax that had to be paid in order to vote, in the South
Scalawags
Southern Supporters of African American rights
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Civil rights law that outlaws discrimination based on
race, color, religion, sex and/or national origin
De facto segregation
Segregation based on way of life in society (housing, economics, jobs, colleges, etc.)
Separate but equal is legal/constitutional
Plessy V. Ferguson
African Americans were not and could never be citizens of the US, inferior to whites
Dred Scott
“Separate but equal” unconstitutional in school
Brown v. Board of education
What two states were added under the Missouri compromise?
Maine and Missouri
What is the North called? What is the South called?
North = Union
South = Confederacy
Who won the civil war
The Union
What are 2 ways that voting rights were restricted?
Voting fee
Grandfather clause
What was the precedent set in Plessy v. Ferguson?
Separate but equal
Reconstruction Era
-time period after the Civil War in American History (1865-1877)
Rebuilding the South after the Civil War
What did the Missouri Compromise do regarding slavery?
Banned slavery in the remaining portion of the Louisiana Purchase, from the southern border of Missouri (36º 30’ parallel)
Name 3 causes of the civil war
The Compromise of 1850, The Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred-Scott case
What was the last battle fought in the North?
Battle of Palmito Ranch?
Which side succeeded from the Union? What did they call themselves?
The Confederate States of America
Presidents during the reconstruction era
Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, and Ulysses S. Grant
Political Party in support of African American rights and equality:
Republican Party
13th Amendment:
Abolished Slavery in the U.S
14th amendment:
all Americans have equal protection under the law.
24th amendment:
Outlaws (bans) poll taxes!
Famous elementary school integration, the little girl who is escorted to school by military
Ruby Bridges and William Frantz Elementary
College students peacefully sit at lunch counters to protest illegal segregation at restaurants.
Greensboro Sit-In
KKK bombs church killing 4 girls who were getting ready to sing in the choir at Sunday Service
Birmingham church Bombing
African Americans refuse to ride the bus for 381 days and force the bus company to change its policy of “whites in the front and African-Americans in the back.”
Montgomery bus boycott
Students are escorted to high school by the military, the start of integration.
Little Rock 9
Passed by President to end discrimination based on race, religion, gender, or national origin.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Boy from Chicago, brutally tortured and murdered, death shows the North how violent the South
Emmett Till
A peaceful march to Birmingham to demand equal voting rights but police block protests & attack them
Bloody Sunday
Students from the North ride buses to the South to show segregation and violence are major problems in the South.
Freedom Riders
Who had the plan to forgive the South after the Civil War?
Abraham Lincoln
What did President Andrew Johnson do that hurt the fight for equality?
supported the return of the prewar social and economic system—except for slavery—cut short any hope of a redistribution of land to the freed people
What was the precedent set in Brown v. Board of Education?
separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional.
What happened to Emmett Till and why was it important?
14-year-old boy from Chicago murdered by 2 white men for allegedly flirting with one of their wives in Mississippi
August 24, 1955
The murderers were found not guilty
Started Civil Rights Movement
What two documents did President Lynden B. Johnson sign to help Civil Rights?
Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965
What group used non-violence tactics to gain equality for African-Americans and helped get Brown v. Board of Education to the Supreme Court?
NAACP
What was Charles Houston’s main goal?
to end Jim Crow laws
What was the result of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
Resulted in the integration (intermixing people of all races) of the busses
What was the result of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
Resulted in the integration (intermixing people of all races) of the busses
What war was going on during the modern-day Civil Rights Era?
WWI
Television helped the Civil Rights Era so people would know what was happening. True/false
True
What two events sparked the Civil Rights Movement?
The Montagmory Bus Boycott amd Greensboro Sit-In
