Unit 5 Flashcards
This is the sugar that makes in DNA.
Deoxyribose
This component of a nucleotide consists of one phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms.
Phosphate
DNA belongs to this general category of organic compounds.
Nucleic Acids
This nucleotide component comes in four varieties (guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thymine).
Nitrogen Base
Thymine and cytosine belong to this category of nitrogen bases.
Pyrimidines
Nitrogen bases on complementary nucleotides are held together by these.
Hydrogen Bonds
Adenine and guanine belong to this category of nitrogen bases.
Purines
The transfer of genetic information from one bacterial cell to another.
Conjunction (transformation)
The basic building block (monomer) of DNA.
Nucleotide
Watson and Crick discovered that DNA was constructed in this particular shape.
Double Helix
The source of all of your genetic traits.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Mistakes in DNA
Mutations
The end of the nucleotide chain in which there is a phosphate group on the end.
5’ end
This enzyme is responsible for adding new bases to complete the DNA strand.
DNA Polymerase
Each daughter molecule of DNA consists of one original nucleotide strand and one new nucleotide strand. This is know as…
Semi-conservative
DNA Helicase is responsible for breaking these bonds.
Hydrogen Bonds
The final products of DNA replication are two DNA molecules known as these.
Daughter Molecules
Broken fragments on nucleotides on the lagging strand are known as…
Okazaki Fragments
The area of the DNA which splits as the helicase molecule moves is called the…
Replication Fork
This enzyme is responsible for “unzipping” the original DNA strand.
DNA Helicase
Environmental agents that can cause mistakes in DNA.
Mutagens
The strand of nucleotides in which polymerase moves in a 3’ to 5’ direction resulting in broken fragments of DNA is known as the…
Lagging Strand
The strand of nucleotides in which polymerase adds bases in a continuous 5’ to 3’ direction is known as the…
Leading Strand
The process of one DNA molecule being copied exactly to form two DNA molecules
DNA Replication
The end of the nucleotide chain in which there is NOT a phosphate group on the end.
3’ end
This enzyme is responsible for sealing the Okazaki fragments at the end of replication.
DNA Ligase
