Unit 5

Question 1

This is the sugar that makes in DNA.

Answer 1

Deoxyribose

Question 2

This component of a nucleotide consists of one phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms.

Answer 2

Phosphate

Question 3

DNA belongs to this general category of organic compounds.

Answer 3

Nucleic Acids

Question 4

This nucleotide component comes in four varieties (guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thymine).

Answer 4

Nitrogen Base

Question 5

Thymine and cytosine belong to this category of nitrogen bases.

Answer 5

Pyrimidines

Question 6

Nitrogen bases on complementary nucleotides are held together by these.

Answer 6

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 7

Adenine and guanine belong to this category of nitrogen bases.

Answer 7

Purines

Question 8

The transfer of genetic information from one bacterial cell to another.

Answer 8

Conjunction (transformation)

Question 9

The basic building block (monomer) of DNA.

Answer 9

Nucleotide

Question 10

Watson and Crick discovered that DNA was constructed in this particular shape.

Answer 10

Double Helix

Question 11

The source of all of your genetic traits.

Answer 11

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 12

Mistakes in DNA

Answer 12

Mutations

Question 13

The end of the nucleotide chain in which there is a phosphate group on the end.

Answer 13

5’ end

Question 14

This enzyme is responsible for adding new bases to complete the DNA strand.

Answer 14

DNA Polymerase

Question 15

Each daughter molecule of DNA consists of one original nucleotide strand and one new nucleotide strand. This is know as…

Answer 15

Semi-conservative

Question 16

DNA Helicase is responsible for breaking these bonds.

Answer 16

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 17

The final products of DNA replication are two DNA molecules known as these.

Answer 17

Daughter Molecules

Question 18

Broken fragments on nucleotides on the lagging strand are known as…

Answer 18

Okazaki Fragments

Question 19

The area of the DNA which splits as the helicase molecule moves is called the…

Answer 19

Replication Fork

Question 20

This enzyme is responsible for “unzipping” the original DNA strand.

Answer 20

DNA Helicase

Question 21

Environmental agents that can cause mistakes in DNA.

Answer 21

Mutagens

Question 22

The strand of nucleotides in which polymerase moves in a 3’ to 5’ direction resulting in broken fragments of DNA is known as the…

Answer 22

Lagging Strand

Question 23

The strand of nucleotides in which polymerase adds bases in a continuous 5’ to 3’ direction is known as the…

Answer 23

Leading Strand

Question 24

The process of one DNA molecule being copied exactly to form two DNA molecules

Answer 24

DNA Replication

Question 25

The end of the nucleotide chain in which there is NOT a phosphate group on the end.

Answer 25

3’ end

Question 26

This enzyme is responsible for sealing the Okazaki fragments at the end of replication.

Answer 26

DNA Ligase