Digestive System

Question 1

What are the energy supplying nutrients?

Answer 1

carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

Question 2

What are the non-energy supplying nutrients?

Answer 2

vitamins, water, and minerals

Question 3

_____ is the main source of carbohydrates for animals

Answer 3

glucose

Question 4

______ , also known as fiber, is important because it aids in pushing food through the digestive tract.

Answer 4

cellulose

Question 5

Energy from food is measured in units called _______

Answer 5

calories

Question 6

List four important reasons why we need to have lipids in our diet?

Answer 6

1- making cell membranes
2- hormone production
3- myelin production
4- protect organs and insulate body

Question 7

The human body is made up of ____ of water

Answer 7

60%

Question 8

List three ways that our body loses water.

Answer 8

Urine, sweat, and respiration.

Question 9

Important for regulating blood pH, muscle and nerve functions

Answer 9

sodium and potassium

Question 10

Important for blood clotting and bone/tooth formation.

Answer 10

calcium

Question 11

Important for thyroid gland functions.

Answer 11

iodine

Question 12

Important for hemoglobin production.

Answer 12

iron

Question 13

Vitamin A

Answer 13

Important for healthy skin, mucous membranes, and vision.

Question 14

Folic acid

Answer 14

Important for neural tube development in fetuses.

Question 15

Vitamin B12

Answer 15

Important for protein synthesis and red blood cell production.

Question 16

Vitamin B3

Answer 16

Important for digesting fats, proteins, and glucose.

Question 17

Vitamin K

Answer 17

Important for blood clotting.

Question 18

Vitamin B1

Answer 18

Important for aiding in digesting carbohydrates.

Question 19

Vitamin C

Answer 19

Important for tissue repair, wound healing, and gum repair.

Question 20

Vitamin D

Answer 20

Important for bone and teeth formation

Question 21

Vitamin B2

Answer 21

Important for growth of healthy skin.

Question 22

Vitamin E

Answer 22

Important for a healthy immune system, helps eliminate “free radicals” that prevent cellular damage.

Question 23

Riboflavin

Answer 23

Vitamin B2

Question 24

Thiamine

Answer 24

Vitamin B1

Question 25

Niacin

Answer 25

Vitamin B3

Question 26

Ascorbic Acid

Answer 26

Vitamin C

Question 27

The ________ is the pathway that food travels through

Answer 27

alimentary canal

Question 28

List the parts of the alimentary canal that food passes through in order.

Answer 28

mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
rectum

Question 29

How does the mouth mechanically digest food?

Answer 29

By chewing the food into smaller parts

Question 30

How does the mouth chemically digest food?

Answer 30

Salivary glands produce saliva which lubricates food and contains an enzyme, amylase.

Question 31

The muscular tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach is called the

Answer 31

esophagus

Question 32

The area in the back of the throat is known as the

Answer 32

pharynx

Question 33

The ____ is a structure that prevents food from going down the wrong tube (trachea).

Answer 33

epiglottis

Question 34

The muscular contractions that push food down the esophagus is called

Answer 34

peristalsis

Question 35

In the stomach, hydrochloric acid and an enzyme known as_____ help to break down proteins in your food.

Answer 35

pepsin

Question 36

Why is the mucous lining the inside of your stomach important?

Answer 36

It protects the stomach from its own acid.

Question 37

The _____ sphincter muscle controls what enters the stomach.

Answer 37

cardiac

Question 38

The _____ sphincter controls what leaves the stomach.

Answer 38

pyloric

Question 39

The digested food that leaves the stomach is called

Answer 39

chyme

Question 40

These are parts of the upper alimentary canal

Answer 40

stomach,mouth, and esophagus

Question 41

These are parts of the lower alimentary canal

Answer 41

rectum, small intestine, large intestine

Question 42

The first part of the small intestine is called the

Answer 42

duodenum

Question 43

The _____ connects the liver to the small intestine (duodenum).

Answer 43

bile duct

Question 44

Excess bile is stored in the

Answer 44

gallbladder

Question 45

List three functions of the liver.

Answer 45

1- stores glucose
2- males bile
3- detoxifies drugs and alcohol

Question 46

List two functions of the pancreas.

Answer 46

1- produces insulin
2- neutralizes stomach acid

Question 47

In what part of the digestive system do most of the nutrients get absorbed into the blood stream?

Answer 47

small intestine

Question 48

Water is absorbed from food into the bloodstream in this part of the digestive system.

Answer 48

large intestine

Question 49

Nitrogen waste produced by the liver is called

Answer 49

urea

Question 50

Specialized cells found in the kidneys that filter blood are known as

Answer 50

nephrons

Question 51

List three functions of the kidneys.

Answer 51

1- remove waste products from blood
2- maintain blood PH
3- regulate the water content of blood

Question 52

The _____ are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Answer 52

ureter

Question 53

The _____ is responsible for storing urine.

Answer 53

bladder

Question 54

Minerals are _____ and vitamins are _______

Answer 54

inorganic,organic

Question 55

Important for regulating blood pH, muscle and nerve functions

Answer 55

iodine