Unit 4b Hormones

Question 1

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 1

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Thyroid gland
Function: Stimulates the release of thyroxine from the thyroid

Question 2

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 2

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Adrenal cortex
Function: Stimulates release of hormones involved in stress responses

Question 3

Somatotropin (STH)

Answer 3

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Most cells
Function: Promotes growth.

Question 4

Growth hormone (GH)

Answer 4

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Most cells
Function: Promotes growth.

Question 5

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 5

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Ovaries, testes
Function: Females - stimulates follicle (egg) development in ovaries. Males - promotes the development of sperm cells.

Question 6

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 6

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Ovaries, testes
Function: Females - stimulates ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum.
Males - stimulates the production of testosterone.

Question 7

Prolactin (PRL)

Answer 7

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Mammary glands
Function: Stimulates and maintains milk production in females

Question 8

Oxytocin

Answer 8

From: Posterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Uterus, mammary glands
Function: Initiates strong contractions. Trigger milk production.

Question 9

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 9

From: Posterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: kidneys
Function: Increases water reabsorption by kidneys

Question 10

Thyroxine (T4)

Answer 10

From: Thyroid
Target:
Function: Regulates cell metabolism

Question 11

Triiodothyronine (T3)

Answer 11

From: Thyroid
Target:
Function: Regulates cell metabolism

Question 12

Insulin

Answer 12

From: Pancreas
Target:
Function: Brings blood sugar down. Converts glucose into glycogen to be stored in fat cells (liver).

Question 13

Glucagon

Answer 13

From: Pancreas
Target:
Function: Prevents blood sugar from dropping too low. Converts glycogen into glucose.

Question 14

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Answer 14

From: Adrenal Medulla
Target:
Function: Released during short-term stress. Glycogen → glucose, up blood glucose. upblood pressure, up breathing rate, up and metabolic rate. up alertness, down digestion.

Question 15

Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Answer 15

From: Adrenal Medulla
Target:
Function: Released during short-term stress. Glycogen → glucose, up blood glucose. up blood pressure, up breathing rate, up and metabolic rate.up alertness, down digestion.

Question 16

Mineralocorticoids

Answer 16

Aldosterone
From: Adrenal cortex
Target:
Function: Long term stress response. Retention of sodium ions and water by kidneys
up blood volume, up blood pressure

Question 17

Glucocorticoids

Answer 17

Cortisol.
From: Adrenal cortex
Target:
Function: Long term stress response. Proteins + fats → broken down into glucose; up blood glucose. Suppressed immune system.

Question 18

Dopamine

Answer 18

From: Hypothalamus
Target:
Function: Inhibits secretion of prolactin

Question 19

Somatostatin

Answer 19

From: Hypothalamus
Target:
Function: Inhibits secretion of somatropin

Question 20

Thyroid releasing factor (TRF)

Answer 20

From: Hypothalamus
Target: pituitary gland
Function: Stimulates the anterior pituitary to release TSH

Question 21

Calcitonin

Answer 21

From: Thyroid
Target: Bones/kidneys
Function: Reduced [Ca2+] in blood. Decreases uptake of Ca2+in kidneys.

Question 22

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 22

From: Parathyroid
Target: Bones/kidneys
Function: Increases [Ca2+] in blood. Increases uptake of Ca2+in kidneys.