Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 30 > Unit 3 - Final Review > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Final Review Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Allele frequency

A

rate of occurrence of a particular allele in a population for a particular gene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The total number of alleles in a population is…

A

twice the number of individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hardy weinberg says that there are 2 competing factors that characterize populations:

A

The tendency to remain stable and the tendency toward variability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Genetic equilibrium under hardy weinberg requires:

A

Large populations
Random mating
No mutations
No migration
Equal viability of all genotypes (no natural selection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when starting hardy-weinberg calculations…

A

always start by calculating q

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Founder effect

A

few individuals from a large population leave to establish a new population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bottleneck effect

A

population size is drastically reduced due to environmental event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Speciation

A

process by which new species originate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Species

A

group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Geographic isolation

A

physical obstables that prevent gene flow causing two groups to evolve differently.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Reproductive isolation

A

when organisms can no longer reproduce together, even if physical barriers are removed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Population

A

individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Community

A

all species that occupy a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ecosystem

A

biotic and abiotic components of a specific area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Interspecific

A

how one population interacts with another population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Intraspecific

A

how individuals of one species interact with each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ecological Niche

A

a population’s role in the community (feeding habits, prey, # of offspring,..)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Population Density

A

number of organisms in a defined area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Clumped Dispersion

A

individuals are grouped in patches or aggregations.
resources are likely unevenly distributed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Random Dispersions:

A

biotic/abiotic factors have little affect; neither an attraction nor repulsion among members.
Habitat likely has abundant resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Uniform Dispersions

A

competition among individuals for moisture, nutrients, light, space, etc.
Area has limited resources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Growth rate:

A

how quickly a population is increasing or decreasing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Per capita growth rate:

A

average growth rate per individual

24
Q

Dynamic equilibrium/steady state:

A

how populations adjust to changes in environment to maintain equilibrium

25
Q

4 phases in a growth curve

A

lag, log/exponential/growth, stationary, death

26
Q

j shaped curve

A

exponential growth

27
Q

s shaped curve

A

logistic growth

28
Q

S shaped curves….

A

level off due to the carrying capacity (K). when the curve levels off, dynamic equilibrium is reestablished.

29
Q

Biotic potential

A

the maximum reproductive capacity of an organism under ideal conditions.

30
Q

Biotic potential is regulated by….

A
  1. maximum # of offspring/birth
  2. chances offspring will reach reproductive age.
  3. procreation: # of times/year organism reproduces
  4. maturity: age which reproduction beings
31
Q

Environmental resistance

A

factors that limit population growth (both biotic and abiotic)

32
Q

Density-dependent

A

(biotic) factors brought on by population size that may limit further growth/reduce population

33
Q

when do density dependent factors have the greatest impact?

A

Impacts greatest with increasing population size and density –> greater intraspecific competition.

34
Q

Density independent

A

(abiotic) factors that has the same effect on a population, regardless of size

35
Q

intraspecific competition

A

between same species. leads to natural selection

36
Q

interspecific competition

A

between different species. limits biodiversity. causes species to develop a niche.

37
Q

r selected species

A

j shaped growth curve

38
Q

K selected species

A

S-shaped growth curve

39
Q

r selected species: reproductions per lifetime

A

one

40
Q

interference competition

A

involves aggression for the same resource

41
Q

Exploitative competition

A

consumption of shared resources. using up resources to prevent others from using it.

42
Q

Competitive exclusion (Gause’s Principle)

A

if two populations of organisms occupy the same ecological niche, one of the populations will be eliminated.

43
Q

resource partitioning

A

species split up resources, use at a different place or time; no competition. can prevent gause’s principle.

44
Q

Mimicry

A

organism develops similar colour pattern, behaviour, etc. that has provided another organism a survival advantage

45
Q

camoflauge

A

used to avoid predators

46
Q

Structural adaptations:

A

change in the physical appearance of an organism

47
Q

Physiological adaptations

A

change in internal and cellular features of organisms

48
Q

Coevolution:

A

two different species exert selective pressures on each other to evolve

49
Q

Symbiosis:

A

relationships between two individuals of different species

50
Q

Social parasitism:

A

E.g. Cowbirds use another bird’s nest to rear her offspring; abdicates parental responsibility

e.g. Ants invade other ant colonies and conscript them into a life of slavery

51
Q

Succession:

A

gradual changes in vegetation from a pioneer community to a climax community

52
Q

Primary succession:

A

no community existed before

53
Q

Secondary succession:

A

results following a destructive event (e.g. forest fire)

54
Q

Pioneer species

A

1st to arrive, hardy plants, able to resist direct sun. Their dead bodies provide the initial soil. (e.g. lichen, weeds, grasses, etc.)

55
Q

Seral/intermediate species

A

have longer life cycles. Can tolerate fluctuations. Require more nutrients and water. Shade stops undergrowth (e.g. shrubs, softwood trees)

56
Q

Climax

A

can tolerate shade, longest lifecycles, high sapling survival rates → stabilizes environment (e.g. hardwood trees)

Bio 30 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions