Unit 4 Vocab

Question 1

a border drawn in an area that has been settled and where cultural landscapes exist or are in the process of being established

Answer 1

subsequent boundary

Question 2

a border drawn over existing accepted borders by an outside or conquering force

Answer 2

superimposed boundary

Question 3

a border established
before an area becomes heavily settled

Answer 3

antecedent boundary

Question 4

a country with various ethnicities and cultures living inside its borders

Answer 4

multinational state

Question 5

a cultural entity made up of people who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, heritage, or ethnicity - often all four of these

Answer 5

nation

Question 6

a former boundary that no longer has an official function

Answer 6

relic

Question 7

a mathematically drawn boundary that typically follows lines of latitude and longitude or is a straight-line arc between two points

Answer 7

geometric boundary

Question 8

a narrow, strategic passageway
to another place through which it is difficult to
pass

Answer 8

choke point

Question 9

a people united by culture, language, history, and tradition but not possessing a state

Answer 9

stateless nation

Question 10

a politically organized and recognized territory composed of a group of people who consider themselves to be a nation

Answer 10

nation-state

Question 11

a politically organized independent territory with a government, defined borders, and a permanent population; a country

Answer 11

state

Question 12

a region where states form, join, and break up because of ongoing, sometimes violent, conflicts among parties and because they are caught between the interests of more powerful outside states

Answer 12

Shatterbelt

Question 13

a set of people, called electors, who are chosen to elect the president and vice president of the United States

Answer 13

electoral college

Question 14

a type of subsequent boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape, separating groups that have distinct languages, religions, ethnicities, or other traits

Answer 14

consequent boundary

Question 15

an alliance of three or more states that work together in pursuit of common goals or to address an issue or challenge

Answer 15

supranational organization

Question 16

an area that extends 200 nautical miles from a state’s coast; a state has sole access to resources found within the waters or beneath the sea floor of its EEZ

Answer 16

exclusive economic zone (EEZ)

Question 17

an electoral district in which the majority of voters are members of an ethnic or racial minority

Answer 17

majority-minority district

Question 18

an organization or a state in which power is concentrated in a central government

Answer 18

unitary state

Question 19

attempts by a state to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation

Answer 19

irredentism

Question 20

the process by which a state attacks an ethnic group and tries to eliminate it through expulsion, imprisonment, or killing

Answer 20

ethnic cleansing

Question 21

cost reductions that occur when production arises

Answer 21

economies of scale

Question 22

describing a region that is given partial authority to govern its territories independently from the national government

Answer 22

semiautonomous

Question 23

having the authority to govern
territories independently of the national government; for example, by having
a separate currency

Answer 23

autonomous

Question 24

people who share a cultural or ethnic background but live in more than one country

Answer 24

multistate

Question 25

sharing authority

Answer 25

concurrent

Question 26

the right of all people to choose their own political status

Answer 26

self-determination

Question 27

the attempt to influence or control people and events by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area; the connection of people, their cultures, and their economic systems to the land

Answer 27

territoriality

Question 28

the drawing of legislative boundaries to give one political party an advantage in elections

Answer 28

gerrymandering

Question 29

the international agreement that established the structure of maritime boundaries

Answer 29

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

Question 30

the organization of a state in which power is shared between the federal government and its internal regional units

Answer 30

federal state

Question 31

the practice of claiming and dominating overseas territories

Answer 31

colonialism

Question 32

the process by which people of a particular ethnicity in a multinational state identify more strongly as members of their ethnic group than as citizens of the state

Answer 32

ethnic separatism

Question 33

the process by which the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, religious belief, and language, creating a sense of pride and identity that is tied to the territory; also called ethnic nationalism

Answer 33

ethnonationalism

Question 34

the process that occurs when the central power in a state is broken up among regional authorities within its borders

Answer 34

devolution

Question 35

the push to create an empire by exercising force or influence to control other nations or peoples

Answer 35

imperialism

Question 36

the redistribution of representative seats among states based on shifts in population

Answer 36

reapportionment

Question 37

the redrawing of internal territorial and political boundaries

Answer 37

redistricting

Question 38

the right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders

Answer 38

sovereignty

Question 39

the study of the ways in which the world is organized as a reflection of the power different groups hold over territory

Answer 39

political geography

Question 40

the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies

Answer 40

neocolonialism

Question 41

to draw boundaries on a map, in accordance with a legal agreement

Answer 41

delimit

Question 42

to explicitly state in legally binding documentation such as a treaty where boundaries are located, using reference points such as natural features or lines of latitude and longitude

Answer 42

define

Question 43

to manage the way borders are maintained and how goods and people cross them

Answer 43

administer

Question 44

to place physical objects such as stones, pillars, walls, or fences to indicate where a boundary exists

Answer 44

demarcate