Unit 4 Vocab Flashcards
only 44 words?????
a border drawn in an area that has been settled and where cultural landscapes exist or are in the process of being established
subsequent boundary
a border drawn over existing accepted borders by an outside or conquering force
superimposed boundary
a border established
before an area becomes heavily settled
antecedent boundary
a country with various ethnicities and cultures living inside its borders
multinational state
a cultural entity made up of people who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, heritage, or ethnicity - often all four of these
nation
a former boundary that no longer has an official function
relic
a mathematically drawn boundary that typically follows lines of latitude and longitude or is a straight-line arc between two points
geometric boundary
a narrow, strategic passageway
to another place through which it is difficult to
pass
choke point
a people united by culture, language, history, and tradition but not possessing a state
stateless nation
a politically organized and recognized territory composed of a group of people who consider themselves to be a nation
nation-state
a politically organized independent territory with a government, defined borders, and a permanent population; a country
state
a region where states form, join, and break up because of ongoing, sometimes violent, conflicts among parties and because they are caught between the interests of more powerful outside states
Shatterbelt
a set of people, called electors, who are chosen to elect the president and vice president of the United States
electoral college
a type of subsequent boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape, separating groups that have distinct languages, religions, ethnicities, or other traits
consequent boundary
an alliance of three or more states that work together in pursuit of common goals or to address an issue or challenge
supranational organization
an area that extends 200 nautical miles from a state’s coast; a state has sole access to resources found within the waters or beneath the sea floor of its EEZ
exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
an electoral district in which the majority of voters are members of an ethnic or racial minority
majority-minority district
an organization or a state in which power is concentrated in a central government
unitary state
attempts by a state to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation
irredentism
the process by which a state attacks an ethnic group and tries to eliminate it through expulsion, imprisonment, or killing
ethnic cleansing
cost reductions that occur when production arises
economies of scale
describing a region that is given partial authority to govern its territories independently from the national government
semiautonomous
having the authority to govern
territories independently of the national government; for example, by having
a separate currency
autonomous
people who share a cultural or ethnic background but live in more than one country
multistate
sharing authority
concurrent
the right of all people to choose their own political status
self-determination
the attempt to influence or control people and events by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area; the connection of people, their cultures, and their economic systems to the land
territoriality
the drawing of legislative boundaries to give one political party an advantage in elections
gerrymandering
the international agreement that established the structure of maritime boundaries
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
the organization of a state in which power is shared between the federal government and its internal regional units
federal state
the practice of claiming and
dominating overseas territories
colonialism
the process by which people of a particular ethnicity in a multinational state identify more strongly as members of their ethnic group than as citizens of the state
ethnic separatism
the process by which the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, religious belief, and language, creating a sense of pride and identity that is tied to the territory; also called ethnic nationalism
ethnonationalism
the process that occurs when the central power in a state is broken up among regional authorities within its borders
devolution
the push to create an empire by exercising force or influence to control other nations or peoples
imperialism
the redistribution of representative seats among states based on shifts in population
reapportionment
the redrawing of internal territorial and political boundaries
redistricting
the right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders
sovereignty
the study of the ways in which the world is organized as a reflection of the power different groups hold over territory
political geography
the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies
neocolonialism
to draw boundaries on a map, in accordance with a legal agreement
delimit
to explicitly state in legally binding documentation such as a treaty where boundaries are located, using reference points
such as natural features or lines of latitude and longitude
define
to manage the way borders are
maintained and how goods and people cross
them
administer
to place physical objects such as stones, pillars, walls, or fences to indicate where a boundary exists
demarcate
