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AP Human Geography > Unit 3 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 3 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

the process by which people within one culture adopt some of the traits of another while still retaining their own distinct culture

A

acculturation

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2
Q

a category of acculturation in which the interaction of two cultures results in one culture adopting almost all of the customs, traditions, language, and other cultural traits of the other

A

assimilation

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3
Q

a force that divides a group of people

A

centrifugal force

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4
Q

a force that unites a group of people

A

centripetal force

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5
Q

a culture in which people are expected to conform to collective responsibility within the family and to be obedient to and respectful of elder family members

A

collectivist culture

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6
Q

the process by which an idea or cultural trait spreads rapidly among people of all social classes and levels of power

A

contagious diffusion

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7
Q

the blending of two or more languages that may not include the features of either original language

A

creolization

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8
Q

the act of adopting elements of another culture

A

cultural appropriation

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9
Q

the process by which cultures become more similar through interaction

A

cultural convergence

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10
Q

the process by which cultures become less similar through due to conflicting beliefs or other barriers

A

cultural divergence

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11
Q

an area where cultural traits develop and from which cultural traits diffuse

A

cultural hearth

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12
Q

a natural landscape that has been modified by humans, reflecting their cultural beliefs and values

A

cultural landscape

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13
Q

a shared standard or pattern that guides the behavior or a group of people

A

cultural norm

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14
Q

the evaluation of a culture by its own standards

A

cultural relativism

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15
Q

a shared object or cultural practice

A

cultural trait

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16
Q

the beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and technologies shared by a society and passed down from generation to generation

A

culture

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17
Q

a separate church organization that unites a number of local congregations

A

denomination

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18
Q

a variation of a standard language specific to a general area, with differences in pronunciation, degree of rapidity in speech, word choice, and spelling

A

dialect

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19
Q

the process by which a cultural trait spreads from one place to another over time

A

diffusion

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20
Q

a cultural landscape within a community of people outside of their area of origin

A

ethnic neighborhood

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21
Q

a religion that is closely tied with a particular ethnic group often living in a particular place

A

ethnic religion

22
Q

the state of belonging to a group of people who share common cultural characteristics

A

ethnicity

23
Q

the tendency of ethnic groups to evaluate other groups according to preconceived ideas originating from their own culture

A

ethnocentrism

24
Q

the spread of cultural trait outward from where it originated

A

expansion diffusion

25
Q

an individual’s innermost concept of self as male, female, a blend of both, or neither

A

gender identity

26
Q

a space designed and deliberately incorporated into the landscape to accommodate gender roles

A

gendered space

27
Q

the renovations and improvements conforming to middle-class preferences

A

gentrification

28
Q

the spread of an idea or trait from a person or place of power or authority to other people or places

A

hierarchical diffusion

29
Q

the ways in which humans make sense of themselves and how they wish to be viewed by others

A

identity

30
Q

a language that is unrelated to any other known language

A

isolate

31
Q

a distinct system of communication that is the carrier of human thoughts and cultural identities

A

language

32
Q

a collection of languages within a language family that share a common origin and separated from other branches in the same family several thousand years ago

A

language branch

33
Q

a group of languages that share a common ancestral language from a particular hearth, or region of origin

A

language family

34
Q

languages within a language that share a common ancestor in the relative ancestor in the relatively recent past and have vocabularies with a high degree of overlap

A

language group

35
Q

common language used among speakers of different languages

A

lingua franca

36
Q

a situation in which different cultures live together without assimilating

A

multiculturalism

37
Q

a journey to a holy place for spiritual reasons

A

pilgrimage

38
Q

a community-driven process in which people collaborate to create a place where they can live, work, play, and learn

A

placemaking

39
Q

the widespread behaviors, beliefs, and practices of ordinary people in society at a given point in time

A

popular culture

40
Q

a building style that emerged as a reaction to “modern” designs, and values diversity in design

A

postmodern architecture

41
Q

a system of spiritual beliefs that helps form cultural perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and values

A

religion

42
Q

the spread of culture traits through the movement of people

A

relocation diffusion

43
Q

relatively small group that has separated from an established religious domination

A

sect

44
Q

focused on worldly rather than spiritual concerns

A

secularized

45
Q

the subjective feelings and memories people associate with a geographic location

A

sense of place

46
Q

the process by which a cultural trait or idea spreads to another culture or region but is modified to adapt to the new culture

A

stimulus diffusion

47
Q

process of innovation combining different cultural features into something new

A

syncretism

48
Q

an established building style of different cultures, religions, and places

A

traditional architecture

49
Q

the long-established behaviors, beliefs, and practices passed down from generation to generation

A

traditional culture

50
Q

a religion that tries to appeal to all humans and is open to membership by everyone

A

universalizing religion

AP Human Geography (6 decks)

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