Unit 4 Test Flashcards
Atomic Emission Spectrum
-an atom with an electron in the ground state and when the electron gets excited it changes to an excited state and it falls back down to the ground state and emits a photon that produces the lights we see in the AES
-When light emitted from the atom is passed through a prism it produces discrete lines corresponding to the frequencies of light that was emitted from that atom
a packet of energy released when an electron falls back down from excited state to ground state (to the correct energy level)
photon
number of waves per second and measured in hertz (Hz)
frequency
the distance between the crests measured in meters
wavelength
(0/+1e) a particle that has the same mass as an electron but has a positive charge
positron
a positively charged particle emitted from certain radioactive nuclei; it consists of two protons and two neutrons and is identical to the nucleus of a helium atom
alpha particles (fish)
the process by which unstable atomic nuclei achieves stability
radioactivity
-natural or artificial conversion of an atom of one element into an atom of another element by the emission of radiation from an unstable nucleus.
-conversion of an atom of one element to an atom of another element.
transmutation
a fast-moving electron emitted from certain radioactive nuclei; it is formed when a neutron decomposes into a proton and an electron (1/0 n ——–> 1/1 H + 0/-1e)
beta particles (B)
high energy electromagnetic radiation emitted by certain radioactive nuclei; has no mass or electrical charge.
gamma radiation
a gas-filled metal tube used to detect radiation
Geiger counter
the splitting of the nucleus into small fragments.
fission
a nuclear reaction in which two light nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of heavier mass, accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy.
fusion
a device that uses a surface coated with a phosphor to detect radiation; ionizing radiation striking the phosphor surface produces bright flashes of light (scintillations)
scintillation counter
an isotope that has an unstable nucleus and undergoes radioactive decay
radioisotope
What is a quantum of energy and how does it relate to an electron changing energy levels
It’s the amount or pocket of energy and as you go from excited to ground state it releases energy
Draw the electromagnetic spectrum and the frequency and waves that correspond
how is light emitted from atoms
photons
E=
E= h x v
draw the mass, charge, symbol, particle/nuclei for gamma, alpha, and beta radiations
what do you add to a radioisotope for alpha radiation?
4/2 He
Whats the relationship between energy, frequency and wavelength
e=hv
shorter wavelength+high frequency=greater energy
long wavelength+low frequency=lower energy
Draw the visible light spectrum and the wavelengths corresponding with the energy each color has
shorter wavelengths = more energy
the bigger jump on the energy levels the bigger the amount of ______ released and the smaller jump on the energy levels the smaller the amount of ____ released.
energy
