unit 4 questions

Question 1

parliamentry process

Answer 1

1. first reading - formal annoucement of bill in hoc. vote to allow progress.
2. second reading - vote to allow progress to the next stage.
3. committee stage - mp’s from different political parties examine the bill.
4. report stage - committee provide a report to all mp’s based on their examination, provides more opportunity to debate and vote on amendments of the bill.
5. third reading - debate the bill and vote to accept or reject
6. the house of lords - go through similar stages of debate. if there are amendments, the bill is returned to the hoc and a vote is taken to reject the changes or accept them.
7. royal assent - sent to monach for signing once accepted. once done, it becomes an ‘act of parliament’

Question 2

which stage of parliamentary process is mostly ceremonial?

Answer 2

house of lords - report stage

Question 3

judicial process - judicial precedent

Answer 3

the past decisions of judges create laws for other future judges to follow and future judges uphold these laws, which allows cases to be handled effectively compared to past cases.

a decision taken by the courts at the top of the hierarchy automatically create a precedent for courts that are lower in the hierarchy.

expectations to judicial precedent do occur e.g. overruling can occur when hugher courts do not agree with thr decisions made in a previous case.