Unit 4: Normal B-mode

Question 1

What is the purpose of b-mode image?

Answer 1

• Preliminary identification of arterties.
• Overview of examination
• Note course of vessels
• Identify plaque location
• Measure stenosis
• Asses plaque surface and echogenicity
• Detects other pathology.

Question 2

What are some B-mode image control optimization?

Answer 2

• Use pre-set carotid
• Depth
• Grain
• Focus
• Beam to vessel angle.
• Transducer choice.
• Plane of insonation.

Question 3

What is the best view for CCA?

Answer 3

Anterolateral.

Question 4

What is the best view for the ICA?

Answer 4

Posterior-lateral

Question 5

What is the purpose of transverse view?

Answer 5

• Overview for anatomy and disease.
• Orientation of ICA/ECA
• Preliminary identification of vessels.
• Measurements.

Question 6

What side is the brachiocephalic artery?

Answer 6

Right.

Question 7

How should you point the transducer in order to scan the BCA (right) or proximal CCA (left)

Answer 7

Point under the clavicle.

Question 8

The distal CCA widens at what point?

Answer 8

At the carotid bulb.

Question 9

Right side of the patient is on what side of the screen?

Answer 9

Left

Question 10

Thyroid is _____ to CCA in low neck.

Answer 10

Medial.

Question 11

Where does the bifurcation usually occur?

Answer 11

It usually occurs in the mid-neck.

Question 12

When should you document the location of your carotid bifurcation?

Answer 12

If it is found very high or very low in the neck.

Question 13

If the ICA and the ECA are directly over eachother, what does it yield in longitudinal?

Answer 13

“Y” or fork shape.

Question 14

If the ICA and the ECA are close together what does it indicate?

Answer 14

A very small transducer motion in long view while pivioting.

Question 15

How should you confirm the ICA and ECA?

Answer 15

With doppler.

Question 16

How should you determine the end of the CCA?

Answer 16

You should find the FD.

Question 17

What is the best window to obtain the best image of the CCA?

Answer 17

Anterolateral.

Question 18

What is the purpose of B-mode in long?

Answer 18

• Identify plaque
• Measure stenosis
• Other pathology.

Question 19

Where should the ICA point?

Answer 19

Earlobe

Question 20

Where should the ECA point?

Answer 20

Angle of jaw.

Question 21

What is the best plane for the ICA and the ECA?

Answer 21

Postero-lateral plane.

Question 22

What is the carotid bulb?

Answer 22

Normal dilation of the carotid artery.

Question 23

T/F:

The artery walls are parallel in the carotid bulb.

Answer 23

False!

The artery walls are NOT parallel in the carotid bulb.

Question 24

Where does the bulb start?

Answer 24

It starts in the distal CCA and extends into the ICA, may include the ECA.

Question 25

Where is the most common location for disease?

Answer 25

In the carotid bulb.

Question 26

The mid ICA is how far from the FD?

Answer 26

1.5-3 cm from FD.

Question 27

The distal ICA is how far from the FD?

Answer 27

\>3 cm

Question 28

How is the distal ICA best seen?

Answer 28

Best seen with the probe tip behind the ear with a postero-lateral approach.

Question 29

Where can you find the proximal subclavian artery?

Answer 29

Above clavicle at neck.

Question 30

How should the patient be positioned while scanning the vertebral artery?

Answer 30

Patients head should be straight and not to the side.

Question 31

WHat kind of approach should you take while scanning the vertebral artery?

Answer 31

Anterior approach.

Question 32

How can you find the vertebral artery?

Answer 32

Move probe laterally and point medially to see the vertebral processes.

Question 33

T/F: The vertebral artery is deep to the vein.

Answer 33

True.