Unit 4 List 1 Evolution RC

Question 1

Analogous Structure

Answer 1

Features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in structure

Question 1

Amino Acid Sequencing

Answer 1

The process of identifying the arrangement of amino acids in proteins

Question 2

Anatomy

Answer 2

A field in the biological sciences about the body structures of living things

Question 3

Biochemical Evidence

Answer 3

The use of molecular biology techniques to study the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms

Question 3

Biogeography

Answer 3

The geographic diversity of plants and animals

Question 4

Cladogram

Answer 4

A diagram that shows the relationships between species

Question 5

Common Ancestry

Answer 5

Referring to how species originate from a common ancestor

Question 6

Descent With Modification

Answer 6

The passing of traits from parent to offspring

Question 7

DNA Sequencing

Answer 7

Determining the order of nucleotide bases in DNA

Question 8

Electrophoresis

Answer 8

A technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein molecules based on their size and electrical charge

Question 9

Embryo

Answer 9

The early, developmental stage of an animal

Question 10

Embryology

Answer 10

The study of embryos and their development

Question 11

Homologous Structure

Answer 11

Structures in an animal that are similar but serve different functions

Question 11

Fossil Record

Answer 11

The history of life depicted by fossils

Question 12

Evolutionary Tree

Answer 12

A diagram in the shape of a tree that shows the evolutionary history between species

Question 13

Paleontology

Answer 13

The study of extinct species through bones

Question 14

Homology

Answer 14

Having similar structures due to having a common ancestor

Question 14

Phenotypic Similarity

Answer 14

The similarity between phenotypes

Question 15

Phylogeny

Answer 15

The study of the evolutionary history of species

Question 16

Sedimentary Layers

Answer 16

The layers of sedimentary rock in the Earth’s crust

Question 16

Phylogenetic Tree

Answer 16

A diagram in the shape of a tree that shows the evolutionary history between species

Question 16

Vestigial Structures

Answer 16

A structure that is inherited from an ancestor but no longer serves a purpose

Question 17

Adaptation

Answer 17

The process where an organism becomes better suited to his environment

Question 18

Behavior

Answer 18

The change in activity of an organism in response to a stimulus

Question 19

Competition

Answer 19

The interaction between organisms where they both require a resource that is in limited supply

Question 20

Fitness

Answer 20

The representation of reproductive success

Question 21

Gene Pool

Answer 21

A combination of the genes of a reproductive population or species

Question 22

Genetic Variation

Answer 22

The difference or variety of DNA between individuals

Question 23

Geographic Isolation

Answer 23

The physical separation of populations of organisms from one another due to geographical barriers

Question 24

Morphology

Answer 24

The study of the size, shape, and structure of organisms

Question 24

Natural Selection

Answer 24

A mechanism of evolution where those that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce

Question 25

Phenotypic Expression

Answer 25

The expression of observable characteristics in an organism that results from the expression of genes

Question 26

Physiology

Answer 26

The study of how the human body works

Question 27

Population

Answer 27

The number of species in a given area

Question 28

Reproductive Isolation

Answer 28

A set of barriers that exist between different species that make them unable to breed and produce healthy offspring

Question 29

Sexual Selection

Answer 29

The process by which individuals compete for access to mates and those that get mates survive and reproduce

Question 30

Speciation

Answer 30

Where populations evolve to become distinct species and is how new species are created

Question 31

Species

Answer 31

A specific type of organism

Question 32

Trait

Answer 32

A characteristic of an organism

Question 33

Coevolution

Answer 33

where two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution

Question 34

Convergent Evolution

Answer 34

When organisms that aren't closely related evolve similar features or behaviors, often as solutions to the same problems

Question 35

Divergent Evolution

Answer 35

The process by which different organisms having common ancestors develop different traits or characteristics to adapt to the changing environmental conditions and needs.

Question 36

Founder Effect

Answer 36

When a small group of individuals becomes separated from a larger population and makes home somewhere else

Question 37

Gene Flow

Answer 37

The movement of genes from one population to another population

Question 38

Gene Frequency

Answer 38

The ratio of the number of a specified allele in a population to the total of all alleles at its genetic locus

Question 39

Gene Pool

Answer 39

The combination of all the genes (including alleles) present in a reproducing population or species

Question 40

Genetic Drift

Answer 40

The change in frequency of an existing gene variant in the population due to random chance

Question 41

Geologic Record

Answer 41

A representation of time based on the rock record of Earth