Unit 4: Human Resources Flashcards
Centralisation
Maintaining control by keeping authority at the senior levels of the organisation.
Chain of command
The line through the hierarchy that shows who is responsible for whom from top to bottom of an organisation.
Commission
An amount of money paid to an employee that is based on a percentage of the sales he/she achieved; paid in addition to a basic salary
Contracts of employment
A legal document that sets out the terms and conditions of the job for the employer and the employee.
Customer engagement
The relationship between the business and the customer that puts the customer’s requirements at the centre of the operation to build brand loyalty
Decentralisation
Where authority is spread widely through the organisation
Delayering
The reorganisation of the organisation’s employees so that there are fewer levels of management
Delegation
Allocating a task to someone who would not normally be responsible for it
Directors
The people who are elected by the shareholders to run the business on their behalf
Diseconomies of scale
When a business grows too large, leading to a possible increase in unit cost
Employees
Individuals who work full time or part time for the business; they have a contract of employment detailing their duties and rights
Employment law
Rulings that relate to the rights and responsibilities of people who work for a business; they affect the recruitment and selection process and how the business deals with its
worker
Flat organisational structure
An organisational structure with a wide span of control and few levels of hierarchy (a short chain of command)
Fringe benefits
Additional ‘perks’ that are in addition to a wage salary; they are liable to income tax
Full time
Working all the usual hours required of an employee; usually 35 hours or more.
Hierarchy
The management structure of a business/organisation showing the levels of responsibility. It is often shown as an organisation chart
Induction
Training given to a new employee when they start a new job; it provides information about the business, its operation and working practices
Job analysis
The process of determining what the job entails, including responsibilities and tasks
Job description
A summary of what the job entails, including job title, duties and who they are
responsible for/to
Job share
A system where two employees choose to share a full time job; they receive the salary and benefits on a pro rata basis according to the proportion of the full time hours that each work
Motivation
The reasons people are interested in and committed to their job
Off-the-job training
Employees are trained away from their job, at a college, training provider or the business’ training centre
On-the-job training
Employees learn alongside experienced colleagues while they are doing the job
Organisational structures
The way in which the organisation is divided into levels of management, functions and responsibilities
Part time
Working only a proportion of the full time hours
Person specification
Identifies the requirements of the job holder, including qualifications, experience and skills
Recruitment
The process of hiring a new employee
Salary
A method of paying employees for their work; based on a fixed annual amount, normally paid monthly
Span of controll
The number of people for whom a manager is directly responsible
Staff retention
Keeping staff once they have been employed
Styles of management
The methods used by those in leadership roles to achieve the most effective outcomes from the employees for whom they are responsible
Tall organisational structure
An organisational structure with a narrow span of control and many levels of hierarchy (a long chain of command)
Training
Employees learn the skills and techniques needed to do the job or to prepare for a new role
Wage
A method of paying employees for their work based on an hourly, weekly or piece of work basis, usually paid weekly or monthly
