Unit 4 - Global Interactions

Question 1

The exchange of ideas, goods, food, and diseases across the Atlantic Ocean is typically called what

Answer 1

the Columbian Exchange

Question 2

What does the Renaissance mean?

Answer 2

the rebirth

Question 3

The Renaissance was mostly centered in this country, which became a thriving center of the arts. Painters and sculptors attempted to re-create the forms of Classical Greek art, which depicted human subjects with a lot of detail and nobility.

Answer 3

Italy

Question 4

Renaissance thinkers did develop a new way of looking at the world called

Answer 4

humanism

Question 5

This famously started when the German monk Martin Luther nailed a list of complaints about the Church to the doors of a church in 1517. His 95 Theses became popular reading material, since they were reproduced on the new technology of the printing press.

Answer 5

The Protestant Reformation

Question 6

He received credit for bringing the printing press to Europe. Previously, movable type had only been used in China and Central Asia.

Answer 6

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 7

What is syncretism?

Answer 7

The process in which several religions grow together over a time

Question 8

What was the state ideology of the Qing dynasty?

Answer 8

neo-confucianism

Question 9

Vodun was a polytheistic religion from where?

Answer 9

Ghana

Question 10

Renaissance thinkers did develop a new way of looking at the world called

Answer 10

humanism

Question 11

this Russian tsar from 1682 to 1725, was obsessed with all things Western. He styled his government, life, and even his clothes and his beard by European standards. He built St. Petersburg in his own honor with the intention of making it a great European city. While Ivan created Russia in the last era, he made Russia a European state.

Answer 11

Peter the Great

Question 12

This chinese dynasty ruled from 1368 until 1644

Answer 12

Ming

Question 13

Who established the Qing Dynasty, which lasted from 1644 to 1912? (an ethnic group to the northeast who were related to the Mongols)

Answer 13

The Manchus

Question 14

They established a dual system of government, where the civil service examination appointees were joined by non-merit-based appointments of their noblemen. (in China)

Answer 14

the Manchus

Question 15

This empire became the dominant force in the Middle East, especially after conquering Constantinople in 1453

Answer 15

The Ottoman Empire

Question 16

This Indian Empire was Muslim, while most of India was Hindu

Answer 16

Mughal

Question 17

He was big on religious tolerance and even tried to start his own religion that blended Hindu and Islam and ruled from 1556 to 1605

Answer 17

Akbar the Great

Question 18

South of Mali and Songhay was this kingdom, a Vodun kingdom with a strongly centralized government and army. They were militarily superior to their neighbors due to spending hundreds of years purchasing horses, steel weapons, and guns from Mali and, later, the Europeans. They compelled all of their male citizens, and many of their female citizens, to serve in the military. Their army was always at war with someone, and they made a tidy profit selling their prisoners of war to European traders. Over time, the slave trade turned from a side benefit of war to the primary purpose of war.

Answer 18

The Dahomey Kingdom

Question 19

the two most valuable commodities that were traded, at least from the Americas, were

Answer 19

sugar and silver

Question 20

This chinese dynasty ruled from 1368 until 1644

Answer 20

Ming

Question 21

Who established the Qing Dynasty, which lasted from 1644 to 1912? (an ethnic group to the northeast who were related to the Mongols)

Answer 21

The Manchus

Question 22

They established a dual system of government, where the civil service examination appointees were joined by non-merit-based appointments of their noblemen. (in China)

Answer 22

the Manchus

Question 23

This empire became the dominant force in the Middle East, especially after conquering Constantinople in 1453

Answer 23

The Ottoman Empire

Question 24

This Indian Empire was Muslim, while most of India was Hindu

Answer 24

Mughal

Question 25

He was big on religious tolerance and even tried to start his own religion that blended Hindu and Islam and ruled from 1556 to 1605

Answer 25

Akbar the Great

Question 26

South of Mali and Songhay was this kingdom, a Vodun kingdom with a strongly centralized government and army. They were militarily superior to their neighbors due to spending hundreds of years purchasing horses, steel weapons, and guns from Mali and, later, the Europeans. They compelled all of their male citizens, and many of their female citizens, to serve in the military. Their army was always at war with someone, and they made a tidy profit selling their prisoners of war to European traders. Over time, the slave trade turned from a side benefit of war to the primary purpose of war.

Answer 26

The Dahomey Kingdom

Question 27

the two most valuable commodities that were traded, at least from the Americas, were

Answer 27

sugar and silver

Question 28

The most noteworthy leg of the Triangle Trade route was the ____________, the name given to the horrendous journey that slaves took across the Atlantic Ocean. Africans were separated from their families and were crowded into boats, tied down, and fed the bare minimum. Often, it wasn’t enough, and many died of malnutrition along the way. Historians can’t determine the number of people who were forced to make the trip to the Americas this way, but estimates are typically in the millions.

Answer 28

Middle Passage

Question 29

n New Spain, encompassing Central America, the Spanish implemented a system called _________, in which Spanish immigrants were given villages of Americans to “educate,” “protect,” and convert to Christianity. In exchange, the villagers were supposed to perform “appropriate labor” for the estate owners. Americans were given little right to appeal this system, and the system had little oversight or inspections.

Answer 29

encomienda

Question 30

A period in Western Europe marked by the revival of classical Greek and Roman culture.

Answer 30

The Renaissance

Question 31

The explorer whose voyage to the Americas began the period of European colonization.

Answer 31

Christopher Columbus

Question 32

An entrepreneur credited with introducing the movable type printing press to Europe

Answer 32

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 33

The founder of the Protestant Reformation in Germany

Answer 33

Martin Luther

Question 34

Martin Luther’s complaints against the Catholic Church

Answer 34

95 theses

Question 35

A broad term covering many different denominations of Christianity that split from the Catholic Church in the 1400s and 1500s.

Answer 35

Protestantism

Question 36

A major figure of the Scientific Revolution. Invented calculus and theories of gravity and physics.

Answer 36

Isaac Newton

Question 37

An Enlightenment thinker known for articulating the idea of universal human (well, male) rights.

Answer 37

John Locke

Question 38

A philosophy common during the Enlightenment that held that God could not interfere in the system that God designed.

Answer 38

Deism

Question 39

A period of intellectual activity in Europe. Preceded by the Scientific Revolution, Enlightenment thinkers attempted to solve human problems with rational observation and logic.

Answer 39

Enlightenment

Question 40

The tsar of Russia’s first European-style court. Also founded St. Petersburg.

Answer 40

Peter the Great

Question 41

Indentured laborers considered part of feudal lords’ land.

Answer 41

Serfs

Question 42

Grants of American villages to Spanish settlers.

Answer 42

Encomiendas

Question 43

The most profitable cash crop of the Americas; originally brought from India.

Answer 43

Sugar

Question 44

The universal world currency of this period.

Answer 44

Silver

Question 45

Located in modern-day Bolivia, it remains the largest silver mine in the world.

Answer 45

Potosi

Question 46

The institution of permanent indentured servitude.

Answer 46

Slavery

Question 47

The shipping route between Africa and the Americas. Almost exclusively used for slaves.

Answer 47

Middle Passage

Question 48

The practice of selling European goods in Africa for slaves, slaves in Africa for American goods, and American goods in Europe for European goods.

Answer 48

Triangular Trade

Question 49

An empire founded by Turks, it stretched across the Mediterranean coast, the Middle East, and into Europe.

Answer 49

Ottoman

Question 50

The elite infantry corps of the Ottoman Empire. Formed of soldiers originally abducted by the devshirme tax.

Answer 50

Janissaries

Question 51

The Muslim Mongol empire that conquered India.

Answer 51

Mughals

Question 52

The most famous Mughal leader, known for religious tolerance and building the Taj Mahal.

Answer 52

Akbar the Great

Question 53

The dynasty founded after expelling the Mongols from China. They are most known for launching the voyages of Zheng He.

Answer 53

Ming

Question 54

The dynasty founded when the Ming was conquered by an invading Manchu army. The last dynasty of China.

Answer 54

Qing

Question 55

The last shogunate of Japan. Known for being hostile to Europeans.

Answer 55

Tokugawa Shogunate

Question 56

Which dynasty developed printing?

Answer 56

Song

Question 57

Moveable type wasn’t invented in Europe until the mid-1400s, when he invented the printing press.

Answer 57

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 58

This was a piece of paper that the faithful could purchase to reduce time in purgatory (the place Roman Catholics believed they would go after death). There, they would expiate their sins and then be allowed to enter heaven.

Answer 58

indulgences

Question 59

In 1517, a German monk named ______ ______ supposedly nailed a list of 95 theses on a church door

Answer 59

Martin Luther

Question 60

He was from France and led a powerful Protestant group by preaching an ideology of predestination.

Answer 60

John Calvin

Question 61

During this reformation of the 16th century, the Catholic Church itself reformed, while also succeeding in winning back some of the souls it had lost to the fledging Protestant denominations

Answer 61

Catholic reformation

Aka the counter-reformatuon

Question 62

To resolve their differences, Portugal and Spain drew up this treaty, which established a line of demarcation on a longitudinal (north-south) line that runs through the western Atlantic Ocean.

Answer 62

Treaty of Tordesillas