Unit 3

Question 1

They collected notes until 710, when they overhauled their state on the Chinese model. They built a Chinese-style city to be their new capital at Nara, instituted a small bureaucracy, and established a system to write Japanese words with Chinese characters. During this period, they also adopted elements of Chinese literature and philosophy.

Answer 1

Japanese

Question 2

Foot binding developed in what dynasty?

Answer 2

Song

Question 3

Three areas where women could achieve high status

Answer 3

West Africa, Vietnam, and among the Mongols.

Question 4

These maintained employment standards and advocated for their members, but also fixed prices and drove out competition to ensure monopolies. (in feudal societies)?

Answer 4

guilds

Question 5

Primary goods coming out of China on the silk road

Answer 5

silk, paper, high-quality tools, and other manufactured goods

Question 6

Primary goods going into China on the silk road

Answer 6

precious metals, plant and animal specimens, spices, cotton, and slaves

Question 7

These were large inns specifically designed to accommodate caravans on the road in the Middle East

Answer 7

caravanserais

Question 8

They were the ancestors of modern-day French and German people that conquered the city of Rome in the 5th century.

Answer 8

Goths

Question 9

He came to power by promising the Catholic Church that he would do two things: 1) conquer the pagans of North Europe and force them to convert to Catholicism, and 2) send an army south to Spain to prevent to Muslim Moors from conquering the Catholics there. In return, the Catholic Church ordered their bishops to support him with their political connections, money, and armies

Answer 9

Charlemagne

Question 10

Charlemagne built up a gigantic state called the _____________, claiming that he was bringing back the old Roman days. In actuality, his “empire” was run similarly to a confederation of Goth tribes. Each area had a duke, similar to a chieftain, who voted on who the next Emperor would be. The big continuity with Roman days was the continued authority of Catholicism.

Answer 10

Holy Roman Empire

Question 11

The only uniting factor of all the diverse states in Europe was the this, which they had all learned to follow while they were controlled by the Western Roman Empire.

Answer 11

Catholic Church

Question 12

Where were Vikings from?

Answer 12

Scandinavia

Question 13

What were Viking knights called?

Answer 13

Jarls

Question 14

Civil Service Examinations began to be used primarily in what dynasty?

Answer 14

Tang

Question 15

its capital was in Damascus in present day Syria. Its main characteristic was its ability to expand and spread as far as Spain and North Africa, exceeding Rome in its size and scope. Ultimately, this Empire collapsed due to the revolt of a Shi’a ruler.

Answer 15

the Umayyad

Question 16

This empire relocated its capital to Baghdad. Unlike the Ummayads, they established a large bureaucracy that centrally planned the Empire’s economy. They also used their political power to move Silk Road trade away from land routes in north central Asia and towards land and sea routes passing through Baghdad.

Answer 16

Abbasids

Question 17

in East Africa, Arab and Indian colonists founded trade hubs. The colonies acted as cultural melting pots, combining the Arab, Indian, and Bantu cultures into the ________ culture. The ________ language was Bantu-based but incorporated a lot of vocabulary from Arabic and the Indian language of Prakrit.

Answer 17

Swahili

Question 18

The second-largest religion in the world after Christianity.

Answer 18

Islam

Question 19

The founder of Islam. He lived from 570 CE to 632 CE in what is now Saudi Arabia.

Answer 19

Muhammad

Question 20

The city of Muhammad’s birth and the location of the holiest pilgrimage site in Islam.

Answer 20

Mecca

Question 21

The largest denomination of Islam. They focus on the need for the consensus of all people in the selection of Muslim leaders and the interpretation of Muslim scriptures.

Answer 21

Sunni

Question 22

The second-largest denomination of Islam. they focus on the importance of Muhammad’s descendants, as they believe that God’s selection is more important than broader consensus. Several of Muhammad’s prominent descendants have become the scriptural authorities for this faith.

Answer 22

Shi’a

Question 23

The largest historical Islamic caliphate. It lasted from 661 to 750.

Answer 23

Umayyad

Question 24

The holy book of Islam, believed to have been spoken to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel.

Answer 24

Koran

Question 25

A large Shi’a caliphate based in Baghdad. Lasted from 750 to 1258.

Answer 25

Abbasid

Question 26

A series of wars between Catholic and Islamic armies over control of pilgrimage sites and trade routes in the Middle East. Waged intermittently between 1095 and 1272.

Answer 26

Crusades

Question 27

An Empire in West Africa, famous for the metropolis of Timbuktu. Lasted from 1230 to 1667.

Answer 27

Mali

Question 28

The largest city in West Africa. Also site of the largest university and library in Africa.

Answer 28

Timbuktu

Question 29

A traveler from North Africa who wrote travel accounts of Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia.

Answer 29

Ibn Battuta

Question 30

A language and culture that developed in East Africa as a result of interactions between Bantu peoples and Arab and Indian colonists.

Answer 30

Swahili

Question 31

An empire that split from the Western Roman Empire in 395 and lasted until 1453. Its capital was at Constantinople.

Answer 31

Eastern Roman Empire

Question 32

An alternate name for the Eastern Roman Empire, which split from the Western Roman Empire in 395 and lasted until 1453.

Answer 32

Byzantine Empire

Question 33

Scandinavian people involved in raid warfare and colonization of northern and eastern Europe prior to 1000 CE.

Answer 33

Vikings

Question 34

A decentralized system of government and labor organization. Nobles are given land in exchange for loyalty to the king and military service. They gain ownership over not only their land but also the common people on it, who become serfs. Common in medieval Europe and Japan.

Answer 34

Feudalism

Question 35

The founder of the Holy Roman Empire. Lived from 768 to 814.

Answer 35

Charlemagne

Question 36

An ethnolinguistic group from Scandinavia, they conquered most of Western Europe in the 5th century CE.

Answer 36

Goths

Question 37

An empire created by three allied city-states in modern day central Mexico. It lasted from 1428 to 1521.

Answer 37

Aztec

Question 38

A large centralized empire in the South American Andes Mountains. It lasted from 1438 to 1533.

Answer 38

Inca Empire

Question 39

A Chinese dynasty known for openness to foreign influences, particularly Buddhism. It lasted from 618 to 907.

Answer 39

Tang

Question 40

A Chinese dynasty known for the development of the ideology of Neo-Confucianism. It lasted from 960 to 1279.

Answer 40

Song

Question 41

A dynasty established in China by the Mongol invader Kublai Khan. It lasted from 1271 to 1368.

Answer 41

Yuan

Question 42

The Chinese Dynasty that overthrew the Mongols. They are famous for launching Zheng He’s voyages. Lasted from 1368 to 1664,

Answer 42

Ming

Question 43

First established in the Tang but not used consistently until the Song. This was an examination held by the Imperial Academy to identify candidates to serve in China’s bureaucracy.

Answer 43

Civil Service Examination

Question 44

The only woman to reign in name in Chinese history. Was the first monarch to use civil service examinations for all appointments. Reigned from 684 to 705.

Answer 44

Empress Wu

Question 45

Professional warriors who served Japanese feudal lords, called daimyo.

Answer 45

Samurai

Question 46

Japanese feudal lords, similar to European knights and barons.

Answer 46

Daimyo

Question 47

A Turkic ethnic group from eastern Central Asia, who conquered most of Asia in the 13th to 15th centuries.

Answer 47

Mongols

Question 48

The first Mongol ruler to unify all Mongols under his banner.

Answer 48

Genghis Khan

Question 49

A “labor tax” in the Inca Empire, in which commoners owed the government several weeks of hard physical labor per year.

Answer 49

Mit’a

Question 50

What is jihad?

Answer 50

“The struggle”

This refers to both the struggle to be a better Muslim and the struggle against non believers

Question 51

This is a government ruled by immediate divine guidance or by officials who are regarded as being divinely guided.

Answer 51

Theocracy

Question 52

When Mohammad died unexpectedly in 632, who became the caliph (head of state, military commander, chief judge, and religious leader)

Answer 52

Abu Bakr

Question 53

The ______, Islamic mystics, were its most effective missionaries. They stressed a personal relationship with Allah, in contrast to other religions that emphasize a particular form of ritual.

Answer 53

Audis

Question 54

Turkish slaves or _______ revolted and established a new capital at Samarra in central Iraq, while other groups carved out pieces of the Islamic empire.

Answer 54

Mamluks

Question 55

Who defeated the Abbasid dynasty?

Answer 55

The Mongols

Question 56

True or false:

The Byzantine empire was a lot more centralized and organized than the western empire

Answer 56

True

Both practiced Christianity, though not in the same way

Question 57

Under his rule (527-565), the former glory and unity or the Roman Empire was somewhat restored in Constantinople. (The Byzantine)

Answer 57

Justinian

Question 58

The Justinian period of the Byzantine empire is remembered most for what two things?

Answer 58

The Justinian code - a codification of Roman law that kept ancient roman legal principles alive
The flowering or the arts and sciences, evident in the construction of major buildings and churches, most notably Hagia Sophia, an enormous cathedral that still stands today (but now as a mosque)

Question 59

What did the Catholics and orthodox disagree about?

Answer 59

The sacrament of communion, whether priests should be allowed to marry and the use of local languages in church.

Question 60

In the 9th century, the Slavic people of southeastern Europe and Russia were converted to Christianity by him, an orthodox Christian, who used the Greek alphabet to create a Slavic alphabet that to this day is used in parts of the region.

Answer 60

St. Cyril

Question 61

They were a Germanic tribe that united under the leadership of King Clovis in the late fifth century. He built a rather large empire that stretched from present day Germany through Belgium and into France.

Answer 61

The franks

Question 62

He left he revolt against the advancing Muslim armies and in 732 defeated them at the Battle of Tours, not far from Paris.

Answer 62

Charles Martel

Question 63

This league controlled trade through your much of Northern Europe

Answer 63

Hanseatic league

Question 64

These were military campaigns undertaken by European Christians of the 11th through the 14th centuries to take over the Holy Land and convert Muslims and other non-Christians to Christianity

Answer 64

The crusades

Question 65

• These are religious practices or beliefs that do not conform to the traditional church doctrine or
• older beliefs that did not adapt to more mainstream changed in religious thought

Answer 65

Heresies

Question 66

This is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by academics of medieval universities in Europe that sometimes came into conflict with the church because it relied on reason rather than faith as a basis

Answer 66

Scholadticidm

Question 67

Late in the 13th century, __________, a famous Christian realist of this period, made significant inroads in altering Christian thought. He wrote Summa Theologica, which outlined his view that faith and reason are not in conflict, but that both are gifts from God and each can be used to enhance the other.

Answer 67

Thomas Aquinas

Question 68

Who was the Hundred Years’ War fought between? (1337-1453)

Answer 68

England and dranxe

Question 69

It wasnt until 1242 that Russia succumbed to them (a group

of Mongols from the east) under Genghis Khan.

Answer 69

Tatars

Question 70

This Chinese dynasty ruled china beginning in 618 CE. Under Emperor Xuanzong, this empire expanded Chinese territory into parts or Manchuria, Mongolia, Tibet, and Korea.

Answer 70

Tang

Question 71

This Chinese dynasty began in 960 and reunified China under emperor Taizu.

Answer 71

Aong

Question 72

Which dynasty created the civil service examinations?

Answer 72

Han

Question 73

Which dynasty invented movable type?

Answer 73

Somg

Question 74

One of the more incredible events during this dynasty was the rise of Wi Zhao, who became the first (and to date, only) empress of china at the death of her husband, emperor Gaozong.

Answer 74

Tang

Question 75

Japan borrowed a lot of culture from which Chinese dynasty?

Answer 75

Tang

-still placed more value on family than education gbough

Question 76

This civilization developed at about the same time as ancient Egypt, and at one point around 750 BCE actually conquered it. Less than a hundred years later, however, they retreated southward back to their capital at Meroe, where it became a center for ironworks and trade.

Answer 76

Kush

Question 77

After the Kush decline around 200 CE, this empire rose to greatness in modern-day Ethiopia. Although it never conquered any other civilization, it traded with them frequently, especially ivory and gold. In the fourth century, it converted to Christianity, and in the 7th century, many converted to Islam.

Answer 77

Axum

Question 78

One of the greatest Mali rulers, _____ ____, built a capital at Timbuktu and expanded the kingdom well beyond the bounds of Ghana. In 1307, he made a pilgrimage to mecca complete with an entourage of hundreds of gold-carrying servants and camels.

Answer 78

Mansa Musa

Question 79

The largest empire in west Africa was formed in the mid-fifteenth century, when Songhai ruler _____ ___ conquered the entire region and established the Songhai Empire. The Songhai Empire lasted until around 1600 CE, and during its reign, Timbuktu became a major cultural center, complete with a university that drew scholars form around the Islamic world.

Answer 79

Sonni Ali

Question 80

This culture (near present day Nigeria) mastered a bronze sculpting technique. They made clay molds around a wax carving, melted the wax, filled the mold with melted bronze, and after breaking the clay mold, revealed some of the most beautiful early bronze work created by any civilization.

Answer 80

Benin

Question 81

The Aztecs, also known as the Mexica, arrived in central Mexico in the mid 1200s and built their capital at ___________ (modern-day Mexico City).

Answer 81

Tenochtitlan

Question 82

This was a collection of city-states in the Baltic and North Sea regions of Europe that banded together in 1241 to establish common trade practices, fight off pirates, and foreign governments, and essentially establish a trade monopoly from the region to much of the rest of the world

Answer 82

Hanseatic League