Unit 4 booklet 2 Flashcards
What’s is Freuds idea of why we conform to society
that the superego tells us what is right and wrong and then this inflicts guilt on us if we don’t do it urges. This is because the superego allows us to exercise self control and then allows us to behave acceptable ways when being social
In freuds idea how is the superego developed
Developed early life through interactions that we have when socialising with family. This means it becomes this ‘nagging parent’ as it tries to balance the ID and being the animal part of the brain
What has internalisation of social rules and morality have to do with socialisation
That we internalised these rules through the process of socialisation and whether from parents or wider social group. in the way societies rules and moral code become out own personal rules and moral code, therefore we conform willingly to social norms
what is rational ideology
To describe the fact we internalise social rules and use them to tell us what is right and wrong. This enables use to keep within the law
What are agencies of social control
Organisations or institutions that imposed rules on us in an effort to make us behave in a certain ways. This could have been parents may send a naughty kid to bed and teachers given detentions. Both of these sanctions impose social control
What are the difference between positive and negative sanctions
Negative sanctions are punishment whilst positive sanctions are rewards. Hardworking students may earn praise from teachers. Both sanctions impose social control
What does the sanctions echo skinners’ Operant learning theory
Similar to Skinners operant learning theory and behaviour reinforcement - punishment deter behaviour and rewards encourages acceptable behaviour
In the CJS what does the police do
they have the power to stop and search, arrest, detain and question
In the CJS what is CPS
When they can change a suspects and prosecute them in court
Judge and magistrates are part of the CJS but what do they do
they have the power to bail the accused or remand them in custody and can be sentenced the guilt to variety of punishment
What does the prison service have to do with the CJS
They can detain prisoners against their will for the duration of their sentence, and punish prisoners misbehaviour (putting people in solitary confinement)
What can be mean by Coercion and what is an example
When the use of threat of force is used in order to make someone do (or stop) something. physical or psychological violence. sending someone to prison for stealing prevents further offending
How can fear of punishment be a form of coercion
Force will be used against you if you dont obey the law
What is the right realists belief in deterrence
Punishment must outweigh the benefit of the crime
In control theory what are the four elements of society
Attachment, commitment, involvement and beliefs
What is meant by attachment in control theory
That more attached you are to someone the more we care about their ops of us. The more you respects their norms and less likely to break them. Most seen in parents and teachers
In control theory what is meant by commitment
How committed we are to conventional goals such as succeeding in education and getting good job? The more we committed to conventional lifestyle the more we risk losing by getting involved in crime, so the more likely we are to conform
In control theory what does involvement mean
the more involved we are in conventional, law-abiding activities, like studying or participating in sports, the less time and energy we will have for getting involved in criminal ones. This part of the justification for youth clubs: they keep young people of the streets and busy with legal activities
In control theory what is meant by beliefs
socialised to believe it is right to obey the law, we are less likely to break it
what is an example of a theory that talks about parenting role of stoppin g young offenders
Gottfredson and Hirschi argued that low self-control is a major cause of delinquency, and that this results from poor socialisation and inconsistent or absent parental disciple
In control theory what happens when an indivial bonds break
the individual becomes free to behave in a criminal or deviant activities
What are the 3 things that parents should do to lower the chance of them becoming offenders
- involved themselves in their teenage lives and spend time with them
*take an interest in what they do at school and how they spend time with their friends
*show strong disapproval of crime behaviour and explain the consequence of offending
How would a feminist use control theory
Due to the lower rate of offender Frances Heidensohn argument the patriarchal (male-dominated) society controls females more closely, leaving less opportunity to engage in criminality outside of home.
What did Par Carlen find about females who offend
they failed to form an attachment to parents because they had suffered abuse in the family or been brought up in care
