UNIT 4: Body Comp and Diabetes

Question 1

What is Metabolic Syndrome?

Answer 1

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. It is diagnosed when an individual has at least three of the following five conditions:

Question 2

What conditions are related to Metabolic Syndrome?

Answer 2

1. Visceral fat (abdominal obesity)*
2. Impaired fasting glucose (High blood sugar lvl)
3. Reduced HDL cholesterol
4. Increased BP
5. High Triglycerides

Question 3

An individual with MetS will for sure have:

Answer 3

Central Obesity
- > 94 cm for men
- >80 cm for women

Question 4

What TG Level would be an indicator of MetS?

Answer 4

> 150mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L)

Question 5

What HDL Level would be an indicator of MetS?

Answer 5

< 40mg/dL (1.1mmol/L) for men
< 50mg/dL (1.3mmol/L) for women

Question 6

What BP Level would be an indicator of MetS?

Answer 6

SBP>130
DBP>85

Question 7

What raised fasting plasma glucose Level would be an indicator of MetS?

Answer 7

FPG> 100mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L)

Question 8

What is the Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome?

Answer 8

Question 9

What is BMI?

Answer 9

Question 10

Waist Circumference Classifications

Answer 10

Question 11

High BMI correlates to which diseases?

Answer 11

*Disease risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease

Question 12

What BMI is considered obese?

Answer 12

over 30

Question 13

What is Body composition?

Answer 13

The body’s relative amounts of mass and fat free mass (bone, water, muscle, connective tissue, organs and teeth)

Question 14

What is Essential Fat?

Answer 14

Essential fat = crucial for normal functioning.

For men= 3-5% of total weight.
For women = 8-12% of total weight

Question 15

What is Non-Essential Fat

Answer 15

adipose tissue

Question 16

What is the Ideal body fat composition?

Answer 16

Question 17

What are ways to measure Body Comp?

Answer 17

• Caliper/skinfold measurements
• Underwater weighing
• The Bod Pod
• Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
• The DEXA (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) *

Question 18

Disease risk increases with total waist measurement of more than what?

Answer 18

> 102 cm for men (40”)
88 cm for women (35”)

Question 19

What is Glucose allostasis?

Answer 19

Less insulin produced by B cells in pancreas

Question 20

What is Type 1 diabetes ?

Answer 20

the pancreas produces little or no insulin (autoimmune disease) – genetic or viral, more common in men than women

Question 21

What is Type 2 diabetes?

Answer 21

the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin, cells are resistant to insulin, or both

Question 22

What is Gestational diabetes?

Answer 22

develops in 2–5% of pregnant women

Question 23

What is Pre-diabetes?

Answer 23

elevated blood glucose levels

Question 24

What is Diabetes mellitus?

Answer 24

= disruption of normal glucose metabolism

Question 25

What are The normal levels for fasting blood glucose?

Answer 25

70-100 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter)
3.9-5.6 mmol/L (millimoles per liter)

Question 26

What fasting blood glucose level is associate with Pre-Diabetes?

Answer 26

110-125 mg/dL

Question 27

What fasting blood glucose level is associate with Diabetes?

Answer 27

over 126 mg/dL

Question 28

Diabetes:
Symptoms

Question 29

What is the FITT for T1D?

Answer 29

F - Daily
I - 60-90% max HR or 50-85% VO2max
T - 20-60 min + 10 min warmup/cooldown 10-15 reps
T - Aerobic and Strength

Question 30

Benefits of Excersize for T2 Diabetes:

Question 31

What is the FITT for T2D?

Answer 31

F - 3-5 times/week, Daily if taking insulin
I - 60-90% max HR or 50-85% VO2max
T - 20-60 min + 10 min warmup/cooldown 10-15 reps
T - Aerobic and Strength

Question 32

What is the FITT for diabetics: resistance
training?

Answer 32

F: min 2x/week (optimal 3-4 when trained)
I: light to moderate (60%-75% 1RM)
T: 6–10 exercises, 10–15 reps, 2-3 sets w/ rest
T: major muscle groups, lower body and core for balance