Unit 4 AOS 2 New Flashcards
Two rationales of the UN’s SDGs
- Progress of the MDG’s was uneven across regions and countries, leaving millions of people behind, such as those disadvantaged by sex or by disability
- New global challenges such as conflict and and mass migration had emerged that needed to be considered for the new global goals
Objectives of the UN’s SDGs
- End extreme poverty
- Address climate change
- Fight Inequality and Injustice
SDG 1
No poverty
SDG 2
Zero Hunger
SDG 3
Good Health and Wellbeing
SDG 4
Quality Education
SDG 5
Gender Equality
SDG 6
Clean water and sanitation
SDG 13
Climate Action
Key Features of SDG3 that represent Health and Wellbeing outcomes
- Reduce maternal and child mortality
- Reduce communicable diseases
- Reduce non-communicable diseases
Relationship between SDG 3 and SDG 1
Governments of poverty-stricken countries tend to not invest into resources that provide health and wellbeing services such as safe water and sanitation, all of which can affect people’s ability to enjoy good health and wellbeing
Relationship between SDG 3 and SDG 2
Achieving the goal of zero hunger will allow wellbeing of people such as mothers and children to improve, reducing under-five and maternal mortality rates.
Relationship between SDG 3 and SDG 4
Collaborative action is needed between the health and education sectors, due to education being the foundation for improving people’s lives and achieving good health and wellbeing
Relationship between SDG 3 and SDG 5
Actions taken to achieve gender equality allows economic growth for these underpriveleged genders, allowing them to access health and wellbeing facilities that will lead to better health outcomes
Relationship between SDG 3 and SDG 6
Without clean water and sanitation, things such as communicable diseases and maternal mortality will not be reduced to achieve good health and wellbeing
Relationship between SDG 3 and SDG 13
Reducing climate change can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve health and well-being through inhalation of clean air
Two core functions of the WHO
- Provide leadership and create partnerships to promote health and wellbeing
- Monitor health and wellbeing and assess health and wellbeing trends
Priorities of the WHO
- Achieving universal health coverage
- Promoting healthier populations
- Address health emergencies
Universal Health Coverage
Refers to every country having a strong and resilient people-centred health system based on primary care, health promotion and disease prevention
Promoting Healthier populations
Focuses on the achievement of the health and wellbeing targets in SDG 3
Types of aid
Emergency/Humanitarian, Bilateral, Multilateral
Emergency aid
Immediate aid that’s provided during emergences, conflict or natural disasters
Bilateral aid
Aid in any form (economic, political, health systems) provided from the government of one country to the government of another country
Multilateral aid
Aid is provided through an international organisation, such as the UN.
Advantages of aid provided by NGOs
- Can often access areas that other forms of aid are unable to reach
- Promotes community development and participation
Features of Australia’s aid program
- Provision of Official Development Assistance (0.22% of GNI)
- Indo-pacific region is the focus of Australia’s aid
Priorities of Australia’s Aid Initiatives
- Education and Health
- Agriculture, Fisheries and Water
Australia’s Aid partnerships
- Bilateral partnerships
- Multilateral organisations
What is a Non-government Organisation and what are some examples?
Non government organisations (such as the WHO, Oxfam and Australian Red Cross) are able to target small communities and specialise in providing individual care for them
Role of WHO / OXFAM / Red Cross
The WHO is an NGO, which works with vulnerable people and communities, providing aid during humanitarian issues such as forced migration of people, providing food and water to keep people alive.
Features of effective aid programs
- Results focused
- Partnerships
Example of an effective aid program
Kiribati adaptation Program
Kiribati Adaptation Program
This program is a multilateral collaboration between the World Bank and Australia, Japan and Kiribati, utilising rainwater harvesting systems that enable locals to access clean water, free of disease-causing pathogens, thus reducing the risk of locals acquiring diarrheal diseases.
Social action examples
- Volunteer
- Donate money to NGOs
How does the Kiribati Adaptation Program promote Health and Wellbeing?
The program grants locals access to clean water that is free of disease-causing pathogens. This means that the locals are well enough to ‘perform daily tasks’ such as going to work, promoting Physical Health and Wellbeing
How does the Kiribati Adaptation Program promote Human Development?
This program worked with each community to establish operation and maintenance teams, who were responsible for the systems and their maintenance. This knowledge ‘enhanced the capabilities’ of the locals involved, thus promoting human development
Which SDGs are addressed by the Kiribati Adaptation Program
SDG 3 and SDG 6
Role of WHO / Oxfam / Red Cross in promoting Human Development
Providing people with food and water can allow them to ‘develop to their full potential’, so that they can perform day to day tasks and develop as a human.
Role of WHO / Oxfam / Red Cross in promoting Health and Wellbeing
Providing people with food and water allows them to be nutritionally apt to live, meaning they can ‘perform daily tasks adequately’ such as gaining an income.
